U.S. Air Force Successfully Demonstrates F-35 Control of MQ-20 Avenger in Advanced Collaborative Combat Aircraft Test

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SAN DIEGO — May 28, 2026 : General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) has successfully demonstrated advanced manned-unmanned teaming capabilities by pairing an F-35 Lightning II fighter jet with an MQ-20 Avenger unmanned aircraft in support of the U.S. Air Force’s Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA) program. The test marked a key step in validating how crewed fighters could coordinate with semi-autonomous drones during future combat operations. The demonstration was conducted in partnership with the F-35 Joint Program Office, Lockheed Martin, autonomy firm Autonodyne, the 309th Software Engineering Group, and the 461st and 370th Flight Test Squadrons. During the exercise, the F-35 remained on the ground while the MQ-20 Avenger operated in flight as a surrogate Collaborative Combat Aircraft, enabling operators and engineers to evaluate command-and-control functions, autonomy systems, and tactical data exchange. Beyond-Line-Of-Sight Control Demonstrated According to GA-ASI, the demonstration relied on beyond-line-of-sight (BLOS) communications linked through a proliferated low Earth orbit satellite network. A pilot seated inside the F-35 cockpit used a tablet through the Bashi Pilot Vehicle Interface to issue tactical autonomy commands to the MQ-20, showing how future operators may manage autonomous wingmen during missions. The commands directed the MQ-20 to perform tactical maneuvers, dynamically adjust flight waypoints, and relay ADS-B track data back to the F-35. At the same time, the unmanned aircraft transmitted operational data including location, altitude, velocity, and autonomous response status, enabling the pilot to monitor aircraft activity and mission execution in real time. GA-ASI stated that the exercise validated seamless communication between a crewed aircraft and a surrogate CCA platform through an operationally relevant data link while confirming the functionality of supporting hardware, software, and network architecture needed for future autonomous combat operations. TacACE Autonomy Software And Integration The MQ-20 Avenger was powered by GA-ASI’s TacACE (Tactical Autonomy Ecosystem) software, which is based on the Autonomy Government Reference Architecture (A-GRA). The architecture is designed to accelerate software integration and enable rapid adoption of commercial and government technologies, allowing autonomy systems to be updated more efficiently as operational requirements evolve. Michael Atwood, vice president of Advanced Programs at GA-ASI, described the demonstration as an important integration milestone for the Collaborative Combat Aircraft effort and said it highlighted near-term opportunities for operational force integration using mission autonomy and advanced data links. The MQ-20 Avenger has served as a primary Air Force surrogate platform for autonomy testing and CCA-related experimentation for more than five years. The latest F-35 demonstration follows earlier manned-unmanned teaming tests involving the F-22 Raptor, including an October 2025 exercise at the Nevada Test and Training Range and another test conducted at Edwards Air Force Base in February 2026. Path Toward Operational Collaborative Combat Aircraft While the MQ-20 continues to support software, networking, and autonomy validation, the Air Force’s long-term objective is to field purpose-built Collaborative Combat Aircraft capable of operating alongside crewed fighters during combat missions. In April 2024, the Air Force selected GA-ASI and defense technology company Anduril to develop the first operational increment of the CCA program. GA-ASI’s aircraft, designated the YFQ-42A and later named Dark Merlin, completed its maiden flight in August 2025. The aircraft resumed testing in late May 2026 after software corrections addressed a non-fatal April 6 incident caused by miscalculations involving aircraft weight and center-of-gravity data. The Air Force plans to begin procurement of its first production Collaborative Combat Aircraft in fiscal year 2027, viewing the systems as a lower-cost means of increasing combat mass, strike capacity, reconnaissance capability, and electronic warfare support while reducing operational risks to pilots. Congressional Support And Indo-Pacific Considerations Support for the program has also expanded in Congress. In a proposed National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) draft released on May 26, the House Armed Services Committee included several provisions backing continued CCA development and praised the pace of cooperation between the Air Force and industry. Lawmakers noted that General Atomics and Anduril conducted initial flight demonstrations within approximately 18 months, describing the timeline as faster than recent tactical fighter-like aircraft development efforts. The committee also supported the Air Force’s plans to transition the first CCA increment toward production. At the same time, lawmakers highlighted long-term operational concerns related to a potential Indo-Pacific contingency, particularly the threat posed by Chinese long-range weapons systems. Committee members stated that future Collaborative Combat Aircraft may require sufficient range, speed, and endurance to self-deploy across extended distances or launch from outside contested zones if operations from forward bases near the first island chain become impractical. Under the proposed legislation, the Air Force and Navy secretaries would be required to submit a report to Congress by January 15, 2027, detailing the cost implications and operational tradeoffs of their respective CCA requirements. Separately, the Navy secretary has been directed to brief lawmakers by December 15, 2026, on the service’s acquisition strategy and plans to incorporate technologies and development approaches pioneered through the Air Force’s CCA Increment 1 program.

Sweden Approves Donation Of 16 Gripen Jets To Ukraine As Kyiv Plans Purchase Of 20 New Gripen E Fighters

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UPPSALA, Sweden — May 28, 2026 : Sweden announced on Thursday that it will donate up to 16 Saab JAS 39 Gripen C/D fighter jets to Ukraine, while Kyiv intends to purchase an initial batch of up to 20 newer Gripen E/F aircraft in a long-term effort to modernize its air force and expand defense cooperation with Stockholm. The announcement was made during a joint press conference by Swedish Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy at the Uppland Air Wing in Uppsala, where both leaders outlined plans covering the immediate transfer of fighter aircraft and Ukraine’s future procurement ambitions. The fighter jet package represents a major addition to Ukraine’s expanding Western-supplied aviation fleet, which already includes U.S.-made F-16s and French Mirage 2000 aircraft. Officials said the Gripen integration is intended to strengthen Ukraine’s air defense capabilities, improve protection of civilian infrastructure, and support longer-range operational requirements. Donation Of 16 Gripen C/D Aircraft Under the agreement, Sweden intends to transfer up to 16 JAS 39 Gripen C/D fighter jets from its existing fleet to Ukraine, with deliveries expected to begin by early 2027. The Swedish government confirmed that funds have already been allocated to replace the donated aircraft within Sweden’s own air force, while dialogue on replenishing the capability will proceed alongside defense planning and industrial coordination. The transfer of Gripen C/D aircraft forms part of a broader Swedish military assistance package for Ukraine valued at approximately $2.7 billion. The package also includes nearly $400 million allocated for Ukrainian drone production support, according to Swedish officials. Sweden’s military assistance to Ukraine since Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022 has reached approximately SEK 103 billion and has included armored vehicles, artillery systems, air defense equipment, radars, electronic warfare systems, spare parts, and aviation-related support. Ukraine Plans Purchase Of 20 Gripen E/F Fighters Alongside the aircraft donation, Ukrainian officials confirmed plans to purchase an initial batch of up to 20 Gripen E/F fighter jets, the latest and more advanced version of the aircraft. Ukraine intends to finance the acquisition through approximately €2.5 billion (around $2.9 billion) from a European Union-backed Ukraine support loan. Swedish officials stated that negotiations on the final procurement agreement remain ongoing, with deliveries of the Gripen E/F models expected to begin by 2030. Officials indicated that the acquisition would likely occur in phased batches as negotiations progress and financing arrangements are finalized. The planned purchase follows a letter of intent signed between Sweden and Ukraine in October 2025 during President Zelenskyy’s visit to Linköping, establishing a framework for Kyiv’s potential acquisition of up to 150 Gripen E/F aircraft. Although the current proposal focuses on an initial order of 20 jets, Zelenskyy reiterated that Ukraine continues to seek financing mechanisms that could eventually support procurement of the larger fleet. Saab Preparing For Future Support Swedish defense manufacturer Saab confirmed that no formal contracts or purchase orders have been signed at this stage but stated that the company is preparing to support both Ukraine’s potential acquisition and Sweden’s replacement of the donated aircraft. Saab CEO and President Micael Johansson said the company expects to support Ukraine’s transition to the Gripen platform as well as discussions concerning Sweden’s replacement requirements. According to Saab, future negotiations between Swedish and Ukrainian authorities will determine the structure of the procurement process, support arrangements, and the timeline for deliveries. Gripen Designed For Dispersed Operations The JAS 39 Gripen is regarded as suitable for Ukraine’s operating environment due to its ability to conduct dispersed operations under contested conditions. Originally designed during the Cold War to function in scenarios involving attacks on established air bases, the aircraft can operate from short runways, temporary airstrips, and sections of civilian highways or roads. The platform is also designed to be cost-effective and comparatively easier to maintain, requiring a smaller ground support crew than many conventional fighter aircraft. These characteristics reduce dependence on large, fixed air bases that remain vulnerable to missile strikes. The newer Gripen E/F variant planned for acquisition includes upgraded avionics, a more powerful engine, and an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar intended to improve detection, tracking, and combat effectiveness. Discussions on future support packages, including advanced munitions such as IRIS-T, AMRAAM, and Meteor missiles, are continuing as negotiations advance. The proposed Gripen transfer and procurement program marks a further expansion of Swedish-Ukrainian defense cooperation, while providing Kyiv with both short-term combat aircraft support and a framework for long-term air force modernization.

CSIS Report Warns U.S. May Need Three Years to Rebuild Missile Stockpiles Depleted During Iran Conflict

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WASHINGTON — May 27, 2026 : A new analysis by the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has concluded that the United States will require multiple years to replenish key missile inventories depleted during the recent 39-day air and missile campaign against Iran under Operation Epic Fury, raising concerns over near-term readiness for other potential military contingencies, particularly in the Indo-Pacific. The assessment was detailed in two CSIS reports — Last Rounds? Status of Key Munitions at the Iran War Ceasefire, released on April 21, 2026, and a follow-up analysis, Rebuilding U.S. Missile Inventory: A Multiyear Project, published on May 27, 2026. The studies, authored by senior adviser and former Marine Corps Colonel Mark F. Cancian and research associate Chris H. Park, examined seven major precision-guided munitions systems used during combat operations and estimated the time required to restore inventories to prewar levels. Significant Missile Expenditures During Iran Campaign According to the report, U.S. forces expended substantial quantities of advanced missiles during the seven-week campaign against Iran, reducing inventories of long-range strike weapons and air-defense interceptors. Among the most heavily used systems were Tomahawk cruise missiles. CSIS estimates that more than 850 Tomahawks were launched during the conflict, with some estimates exceeding 1,000 missiles. This represented approximately 27 to 32 percent of the prewar inventory, which stood at roughly 3,100 missiles. Due to limited procurement in previous years and production timelines, analysts estimate that rebuilding Tomahawk inventories to prewar levels could take until late 2030 or early 2031, despite efforts by Raytheon to increase production to approximately 1,000 missiles annually. Patriot air-defense interceptors also experienced significant drawdowns. The report estimates that U.S. forces fired between 1,060 and 1,430 Patriot missiles during the campaign, representing nearly half of prewar stockpiles. Based on projected production and scheduled deliveries, replenishment is expected to continue until approximately mid-2029. The Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system also experienced heavy use, with an estimated 190 to 290 interceptors fired. According to CSIS, this amounted to roughly 50 percent or more of available inventories, with higher estimates placing depletion at as much as 80 percent of operational stocks. Deliveries of replacement interceptors from Lockheed Martin are projected to continue through mid-to-late 2029. Additional munitions also saw notable depletion. More than 1,000 Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missiles (JASSM) were reportedly fired, accounting for over 20 percent of available stocks, while Precision Strike Missiles (PrSM) declined by an estimated 45 percent. However, analysts assess that both systems could be replenished within months to roughly one year because of recent procurement increases and expanded production schedules. Naval missile systems, including Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) and Standard Missile-6 (SM-6) interceptors, also experienced inventory reductions estimated at roughly 20 to 24 percent. CSIS projects these naval interceptors may require approximately two years to return to pre-conflict levels. Strategic Implications for the Indo-Pacific The report concludes that while the United States retains sufficient munitions to continue operations associated with the Iran conflict under plausible scenarios, depleted stockpiles have reduced readiness for additional high-intensity contingencies. CSIS stated that Tomahawk cruise missiles, Patriot interceptors, and THAAD systems play a central role in long-range strike operations and theater missile defense in the Western Pacific. In a potential conflict involving the People's Republic of China, these systems would be essential for countering large inventories of cruise and ballistic missiles as well as advanced air-defense networks. The report further noted that prewar inventories were already considered insufficient for a prolonged high-intensity conflict against a peer competitor. The depletion caused during operations against Iran has intensified those limitations, creating what analysts described as a temporary “window of vulnerability” until production catches up with operational demand. Production Constraints and Defense Spending To address the shortfall, the proposed FY2027 U.S. defense budget includes a broader $1.5 trillion framework intended to increase procurement of Tomahawk missiles, Patriot and THAAD interceptors, long-range strike systems, and defense manufacturing capacity. Defense manufacturers, including Raytheon and Lockheed Martin, have initiated expansion efforts in states such as Alabama and Arizona to increase output. Industry agreements include plans to significantly expand interceptor production, including increasing THAAD output from approximately 96 missiles annually to as many as 400 per year. Despite increased funding, CSIS emphasized that manufacturing limitations remain the primary challenge to rapid replenishment. Advanced missile systems rely on highly specialized components, including solid rocket motors, guidance systems, electronics, and rare-earth materials, while production expansion requires long-term investment and lead times of 24 to 36 months or longer. As a result, analysts concluded that financial investment alone cannot quickly resolve near-term shortages or significantly shorten replenishment timelines. Pentagon Response and Near-Term Measures According to the report, the Pentagon has reportedly re-sequenced some scheduled deliveries to prioritize U.S. operational requirements over certain foreign military sales commitments as inventories recover. Reduced stockpiles may also temporarily affect Washington’s ability to supply systems such as Patriot, THAAD, and PrSM missiles to allies and partners, including Ukraine. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth has stated that replenishment will take “months and years,” depending on the specific weapon system, while Pentagon officials maintain that current military resources remain adequate to meet operational requirements across combatant commands.

U.S. Army Awards Lockheed Martin $14 Million Contract Modification for MLRS Engineering Services

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GRAND PRAIRIE, Texas — May 27, 2026 : The U.S. Army has awarded Lockheed Martin a $14.3 million contract modification to provide engineering support for the Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) across all production variants, reinforcing long-term sustainment and modernization of one of the Army’s primary long-range artillery capabilities. The award was issued by the Army Contracting Command at Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, under contract W31P4Q-24-C-0007, increasing the cumulative value of the underlying agreement to approximately $230 million. The modification covers engineering services focused on system performance, safety, reliability, maintainability, and product improvement, ensuring the continued operational effectiveness of the MLRS ecosystem. Work will be carried out at Lockheed Martin’s Missiles and Fire Control facility in Grand Prairie, Texas, with completion scheduled for May 27, 2027. Funding for the effort is sourced from fiscal year 2025 U.S. Army research, development, test, and evaluation appropriations. Sustaining a Long-Range Precision Fires Capability The engineering support effort covers the full MLRS architecture, including the tracked M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System and the wheeled M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS). Both launchers are designed to deliver salvos of unguided rockets and precision-guided munitions, providing ground forces with long-range strike capabilities beyond conventional tube artillery. The MLRS family supports a broad range of munitions, including the Army Tactical Missile System (ATACMS) and the next-generation Precision Strike Missile (PrSM), which is intended to provide extended-range precision strike capability at distances exceeding 499 kilometers. Ongoing engineering work also supports compatibility with newer extended-range Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System (GMLRS) munitions and evolving battlefield requirements. First introduced in the early 1980s, the MLRS has remained a core component of U.S. Army and allied artillery operations for more than four decades. Maintaining a mature weapons system across multiple configurations requires continuous engineering oversight to sustain readiness, improve reliability, maintain safety standards, and integrate upgrades without requiring complete platform redesigns. Engineering Support and System Sustainment Under the modification, Lockheed Martin will provide engineering services intended to sustain launcher performance while addressing reliability and maintainability requirements across operational fleets. Such efforts are critical for preventing hardware failures, validating incremental improvements, and ensuring systems continue to operate effectively under changing operational demands. The work also supports long-term product improvement initiatives that allow the Army to modernize existing launchers rather than replace entire fleets, helping maintain interoperability between older and newer configurations across U.S. and allied inventories. Lockheed Martin’s Grand Prairie facility serves as the central hub for the company’s missiles and fire control operations and has supported MLRS and HIMARS production, sustainment, and modernization for decades. The site houses engineering expertise, technical infrastructure, and manufacturing support capabilities necessary to address both routine maintenance requirements and urgent operational needs identified by users in the field. Rising Global Demand for MLRS Systems The contract modification reflects a broader trend of sustained U.S. Army investment in the MLRS family, which has intensified since 2022 as demand for long-range precision fires systems increased globally. The operational use of HIMARS and ATACMS in Ukraine demonstrated the effectiveness of precision strikes against logistics hubs, command positions, and ammunition depots, contributing to renewed international interest in rocket artillery systems capable of deep battlefield engagements. In response, several allied countries have accelerated procurement efforts through Foreign Military Sales agreements. Nations including Poland, Romania, Estonia, Lithuania, and Latvia have ordered HIMARS launchers and associated munitions or expanded modernization efforts tied to MLRS-family systems. As the number of operators grows, engineering sustainment requirements also increase. Each additional user expands the need for system upgrades, software integration, maintenance support, and long-term fleet management supported through contracts such as the current Lockheed Martin agreement. Broader Modernization Efforts Separate from this engineering services modification, the U.S. Army has awarded Lockheed Martin additional contracts in recent years for Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System production and launcher modernization efforts, including upgrades of legacy M270A1 launchers to the M270A2 configuration. The M270A2 modernization program incorporates the Common Fire Control System, enabling compatibility with Precision Strike Missile integration and future long-range guided munitions while extending the operational relevance of existing launcher fleets. The $14.3 million contract modification reflects the Army’s continued emphasis on sustaining platform readiness, supporting incremental modernization, and maintaining long-term operational effectiveness across the MLRS family for both U.S. and allied forces.

BAE Systems Secures U.S. Army Contract for ROOK Soft-Kill Vehicle Protection System

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AUSTIN, Texas — May 27, 2026 : BAE Systems has secured the U.S. Army’s Soft Kill Active Protection System (APS) program of record contract to equip military ground vehicles with advanced electronic warfare-based defensive capabilities using the company’s Rapid Optical Observation and Kill (ROOK) system. The award supports the Army’s ongoing effort to improve ground vehicle survivability through layered, non-kinetic protection technologies. The ROOK system is designed to counter incoming threats such as unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs) through soft-kill electronic warfare measures. Rather than physically intercepting threats, the system jams or disrupts hostile guidance systems, preventing munitions from accurately striking vehicles. According to BAE Systems, this capability enhances crew survivability and mission effectiveness by improving situational awareness and reducing response time in complex battlefield conditions. As a soft-kill countermeasure, ROOK is intended to neutralize threats before impact while preserving the limited magazine depth of traditional hard-kill systems, which depend on kinetic interceptors. By relying on electronic disruption instead of expendable munitions, the system enables crews to conserve hard-kill defenses for specialized engagements and maintain sustained protection against multiple threats. BAE Systems said the system forms part of its broader “Intrepid Shield” layered protection concept, which integrates multiple defensive technologies to create a comprehensive protective architecture for military platforms. The approach combines electronic warfare, sensors, and countermeasure systems to strengthen vehicle survivability in contested environments. “Modern ground warfare demands a layered defense, and soft-kill technologies are a critical, complementary component,” said Dave Gillespie, director of Optics and Countermeasure Solutions at BAE Systems. “ROOK offers a cost-effective, sustainable defense with an infinite magazine depth, continuously disrupting enemy systems.” The contract builds upon earlier Army-supported research and development efforts, including the Advanced Layered Soft Kill System (ALSKS) and Layered Soft Kill System (LSKS) programs, which helped mature electronic warfare-based active protection technologies for armored vehicles. The current program is sponsored by the U.S. Government under an Other Transaction agreement through the National Advanced Mobility Consortium to support the accelerated fielding of adaptable vehicle protection systems. In addition to ROOK, the contract will support continued development of BAE Systems’ Stormcrow and TERRA RAVEN countermeasure systems. These modular, laser-based infrared countermeasures are adapted from aircraft self-protection technologies and designed to protect military vehicles against guided threats, including anti-tank missiles. The systems can also operate in conjunction with BAE Systems’ 360 MVP Sensor suite, which uses longwave infrared camera cores to provide continuous 360-degree threat detection and early warning capabilities. The agreement further includes delivery of prototype systems for vehicle integration and operational testing as part of the U.S. Army’s objective to rapidly deploy scalable and adaptable active protection systems across its ground combat vehicle fleet. No contract value has been disclosed. BAE Systems has supplied survivability and protection equipment to the U.S. Department of Defense and allied military forces for decades. Development and manufacturing of its vehicle protection technologies are conducted at the company’s Austin, Texas facility, while specialized research and development support is provided through its FAST Labs organization in Merrimack, New Hampshire.

U.S. Navy Upgrades Zumwalt-Class Destroyers With Extra Fuel Capacity for Hypersonic Missions in the Indo-Pacific

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PASCAGOULA, Mississippi — May 27, 2026 : The U.S. Navy is moving forward with a major modernization program for its three Zumwalt-class guided-missile destroyers, integrating Conventional Prompt Strike (CPS) hypersonic missiles while significantly increasing the ships’ operational range and endurance to support prolonged deployments in the Indo-Pacific region. According to recently released modernization documents, the upgrades are intended to improve the stealth destroyers’ ability to remain deployed for extended periods without requiring frequent logistical support, a capability viewed as increasingly important amid the long distances and operational challenges of the Pacific theater. A key component of the modernization effort is a “Fuel Endurance and Range” modification planned for USS Michael Monsoor (DDG-1001). Under the plan, engineers will convert several existing saltwater ballast tanks into fuel storage tanks to increase onboard fuel oil capacity. Additional changes to the ships’ underway replenishment systems will also allow Zumwalt-class destroyers to take on larger volumes of fuel during resupply operations at sea. The increase in fuel capacity is expected to enable the Navy’s first sea-based hypersonic strike platforms to remain on station for longer periods and conduct extended deterrence patrols without frequent replenishment. Naval planners consider the enhancement necessary to sustain operations across the Indo-Pacific, where long transit distances, dispersed support infrastructure and limited logistics access continue to shape operational planning. “The Zumwalt class, with its advanced stealth design and integration of the Conventional Prompt Strike weapons system, will be the Navy’s premier offensive surface combatant, providing sea-based precision capabilities that can effectively engage strategic targets with long-range fires,” said Capt. Clint Lawler, Program Manager for the Zumwalt-class Destroyer program office, during a presentation at the 2025 Surface Navy Association symposium. Hypersonic Missile Integration As part of the modernization effort, the Navy is removing both of the destroyers’ original 155 mm Advanced Gun System (AGS) turrets to make room for the new hypersonic weapons infrastructure. The forward gun position will be replaced with a Large Missile Vertical Launching System containing four Advanced Payload Modules. Each module will carry three CPS hypersonic missiles, giving every Zumwalt-class destroyer a total capacity of 12 hypersonic weapons. According to Naval Sea Systems Command, the second AGS mount will remain empty for unspecified future capabilities. The CPS weapon system is being developed jointly with the U.S. Army and shares common technology with the Army’s Long Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW), also known as Dark Eagle. While the Army’s ground-based system can be rapidly deployed using transport aircraft, the Navy’s version will be fielded aboard Zumwalt-class destroyers and future Virginia-class nuclear-powered attack submarines. Although technical details surrounding the Navy’s CPS remain classified, the Army’s associated hypersonic system has demonstrated an operational range of at least 2,175 miles and employs a conventional boost-glide design intended to strike high-value targets at long distances with short response times. Modernization Timeline and Shipyard Work The modernization program is being carried out at HII Ingalls Shipbuilding in Pascagoula, Mississippi. USS Zumwalt (DDG-1000), the lead ship of the class, entered CPS conversion in 2023 and completed initial installation of missile tubes before returning to the water in December 2024. USS Lyndon B. Johnson (DDG-1002), the third and final ship in the class, arrived at the shipyard in 2025 to begin its refit, while USS Michael Monsoor (DDG-1001) is scheduled to undergo the same modernization process. Live-fire testing of the CPS hypersonic missile system aboard USS Zumwalt is expected to begin between 2027 and 2028. The modernization effort across all three ships is projected to cost approximately $2 billion. Strategic Shift for the Zumwalt-Class The modernization reflects a broader shift in the mission of the Zumwalt-class destroyers, originally conceived in the late 1990s and early 2000s as stealth warships intended to provide naval gunfire support for operations near coastlines. Only three of the originally planned 32 destroyers were ultimately built. Over time, the ships’ original mission lost relevance due to the growing proliferation of land-based anti-ship missile systems, while the specialized ammunition required for the AGS became prohibitively expensive, leading the Navy to cancel further procurement. With growing emphasis on deterrence and long-range strike capabilities in response to China’s expanding military capabilities and the operational demands of the Indo-Pacific region, the Navy has repositioned the Zumwalt-class as stealthy conventional strike platforms capable of launching hypersonic weapons against strategic targets while remaining deployed for longer periods at sea.

UK and Poland Sign 'Northolt Treaty' to Deepen Defense and Security Ties

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NORTHOLT, United Kingdom — May 27, 2026 : The United Kingdom and Poland signed the Northolt Treaty on Wednesday at RAF Northolt air base in west London, formalising a new bilateral defence and security agreement aimed at expanding military cooperation, defence industrial collaboration and regional security coordination between the two NATO allies. British Prime Minister Keir Starmer and Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk signed the agreement during a ceremony at RAF Northolt, a site with historical significance as the base from which Polish pilots operated during the Second World War and where a memorial to them remains. The Northolt Treaty establishes a framework for closer defence and security cooperation, including the joint development and production of next-generation military systems. Key areas identified in the agreement include missile defence systems, medium-range missiles and drone technologies. The pact also provides for the co-production of a next-generation medium-range air defence missile by combining industrial expertise and manufacturing capabilities in both countries. A central pillar of the agreement is the expansion of military interoperability between British and Polish forces through large-scale joint exercises. These exercises are expected to focus on counter-drone warfare, electronic warfare, advanced missile defence operations and engineering support, while also improving operational coordination between both militaries. The treaty further strengthens defence industrial cooperation by promoting closer coordination between defence manufacturers, industrial planning and export strategies to secure supply chains and support long-term production requirements. The agreement also aims to deepen collaboration between domestic defence sectors in both countries. Security cooperation under the treaty extends beyond conventional military matters. The agreement includes measures to counter hybrid threats such as cyber attacks, disinformation campaigns and hostile influence operations, while also covering border security, cybersecurity resilience and efforts to combat organised crime. The treaty explicitly identifies Russia as the most significant long-term threat to Euro-Atlantic security and outlines measures intended to improve deterrence and strengthen regional security, particularly across Eastern Europe. It includes a mutual assistance commitment under which both countries agreed to support one another in the event of an armed attack, while aligning these obligations with Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. British and Polish leaders emphasised that the agreement is intended to complement, rather than replace, NATO commitments. Tusk said the treaty would strengthen Polish and British security, protect cyberspace and reinforce NATO as a whole. He stated that the agreement transforms political partnerships into practical measures intended to address security threats before they escalate, while reinforcing shared democratic principles, the rule of law and human rights. Starmer described the Northolt Treaty as the biggest step forward in the UK’s defence and security relationship with Poland in a generation, stating that the agreement would strengthen joint capabilities, deepen bilateral cooperation and enable both countries to address modern security challenges while jointly developing and manufacturing advanced military systems. The agreement builds upon the 2017 UK–Poland Treaty on Defence and Security Cooperation and expands an already growing defence relationship between the two countries. In 2024, Poland signed a £4 billion procurement agreement for more than 1,000 CAMM-ER surface-to-air missiles and launchers from European missile manufacturer MBDA. Poland’s state-owned defence group Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa also entered a strategic partnership with BAE Systems to support production of 155mm artillery shells. The Northolt Treaty follows similar bilateral defence agreements recently signed between the United Kingdom, France and Germany, while Poland also concluded a defence treaty with France in 2025. These agreements reflect broader efforts among several European military powers to strengthen defence cooperation, industrial coordination and regional security planning. No information regarding the treaty’s duration or specific financial commitments linked to the agreement was disclosed at the time of signing.

New Armenian Digitalized 8-Tube 122mm MLRS on Indian Tata Military Truck Spotted in Yerevan Before Republic Day Event

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YEREVAN — May 27, 2026 : Armenia has unveiled a newly developed digitalized and automated 8-tube 122mm light Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) mounted on an Indian-made Tata LPTA 713 4x4 military truck chassis, with the platform observed during military rehearsals in central Yerevan ahead of the Republic Day event scheduled for May 28. The appearance of the system reflects Armenia’s continued military modernization efforts and expanding defense cooperation with India. The new artillery platform was spotted on the streets of Yerevan as Armenian military units rehearsed for the Republic Day event, which will take place at Republic Square to commemorate the founding of the First Republic of Armenia. Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan has described the event as a public presentation of military capabilities acquired in recent years, including imported and domestically produced systems introduced as part of wider defense reforms. The display is also expected to include newly introduced field and ceremonial military uniforms. The newly observed system features an 8-tube launcher chambered in the 122mm caliber, a widely used rocket artillery standard traditionally associated with the Soviet-origin BM-21 Grad family of systems. Unlike conventional 40-tube Grad launchers designed for saturation bombardment, Armenia’s lighter configuration prioritizes mobility, lower weight, and a reduced logistical burden. The compact design is intended to provide a more flexible rocket artillery capability capable of rapid deployment and relocation in difficult terrain. The system is reported to incorporate digitalized and automated fire control technologies aimed at improving operational efficiency. Modern automated fire control systems enable launch crews to calculate firing coordinates, receive target information through secure digital networks, and align launch tubes without extended manual preparation. Such capabilities can significantly reduce deployment and firing times, supporting “shoot-and-scoot” tactics in which artillery units reposition quickly after launch to reduce vulnerability to counter-battery fire. A key feature of the system is its integration onto the Tata LPTA 713 4x4 military truck chassis manufactured by Tata Motors. The Tata LPTA 713 is a light tactical military vehicle widely used by the Indian Army in the 2.5-ton class and designed for transport and operational support roles across rugged terrain. The platform is powered by a six-cylinder inline water-cooled Cummins diesel engine and features live axles, differential locks, hydraulically assisted clutch systems, independent pneumatic-hydraulic braking circuits, and a gradeability of approximately 31 degrees. Its high ground clearance and off-road mobility make it suitable for operations in mountainous environments such as the South Caucasus. The Armenian variant provides a stable platform capable of carrying light rocket artillery while maintaining tactical mobility across uneven terrain. The combination of a compact launcher system and a highly mobile chassis suggests an emphasis on rapid deployment, operational flexibility, and reduced logistical requirements compared to heavier rocket artillery systems. The appearance of the Tata-mounted MLRS follows Armenia’s broader effort to diversify military procurement and deepen defense ties with India. In recent years, Yerevan has acquired a range of Indian military systems, including the Pinaka multiple launch rocket system, ATAGS artillery systems, anti-tank munitions, Swathi weapon-locating radars, and the Akash-1S air defense system. The mounting of a domestically developed or modified Armenian rocket launcher on an Indian-made chassis indicates growing technical integration between the defense sectors of the two countries. The Armenian Ministry of Defense has stated that Republic Day activities will include the display of military equipment acquired during recent reforms, while Armenian Air Force units have also conducted training flights over central Yerevan as preparations continue. Authorities have additionally restricted unauthorized filming and photography of military equipment movements until after the May 28 event. No official technical specifications, including firing range, ammunition compatibility, automation details, or targeting systems, have yet been released by Armenian authorities. The new 8-tube 122mm light MLRS has not been formally introduced by the Ministry of Defense and is expected to receive wider public attention during the Republic Day event at Republic Square.

Archangel Lightworks Successfully Trials TERRA-M Optical Ground Station in UK First Space Laser Downlink

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OXFORD, United Kingdom — May 27, 2026 : Archangel Lightworks, an Oxford-based laser communications company, has successfully completed field trials of its TERRA-M system, which the company describes as the world’s smallest deployable operational optical ground station. Funded by the UK Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), the demonstration marked the United Kingdom’s first successful optical downlink from space using a deployable laser communications ground station and represented a significant step in secure, high-speed satellite connectivity. The multi-day trials were conducted earlier this month in the Mediterranean region and demonstrated the secure transfer of data between a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite and the TERRA-M system. During multiple satellite passes lasting approximately 90 seconds each, the system successfully downloaded many gigabits of data. According to the company, the tests were conducted using the U.S. Space Development Agency’s laser communication standards and repeated across multiple passes to verify reliability and operational performance. Compact System Designed for Rapid Deployment TERRA-M has been developed as a smaller and more flexible alternative to conventional optical ground stations. The system features an optical head measuring 1.1 meters in height and 0.7 meters in diameter with a 30-centimeter aperture, allowing it to operate without requiring an external protective dome or a dedicated building. Archangel Lightworks said the modular system was engineered using low size, weight, power and cost (SWaP-C) principles, enabling transportation by light vehicle or aircraft and deployment on building rooftops or in remote areas lacking communications infrastructure. Unlike traditional fixed installations, TERRA-M is designed for rapid deployment and redeployment at the point of need while supporting autonomous, multi-mission operations. The company added that the system is interoperable with a broad range of laser communication terminals and standards, making it adaptable to both commercial and government satellite architectures. Laser Communications for Secure, High-Speed Data Transfer Laser communications, also known as free-space optical communications, transmit information using low-power, non-visible light rather than traditional radio frequencies (RF). The technology enables higher-volume data transfer and provides a more secure alternative to radio-based transmission because narrow optical beams have a substantially lower probability of interception or detection. Archangel Lightworks stated that TERRA-M currently supports transmit and receive speeds of up to 10 gigabits per second, while future development efforts are aimed at enabling terabit-per-second downlinks to support expanding satellite data requirements. The company said optical ground station infrastructure is becoming increasingly important as satellite traffic grows and computing capabilities gradually expand into orbit through emerging orbital data centers. The technology is designed to provide seamless connectivity between networks in space and communications systems on Earth while reducing dependence on terrestrial and subsea cable infrastructure. Commercial and Defense Applications According to Archangel Lightworks, the technology has dual-use applications across defense and commercial sectors. Military uses include intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance operations, where secure and rapid transfer of large volumes of information is critical. Commercial applications include satellite internet backhaul, Earth observation data transfer and future connectivity requirements for orbital computing infrastructure. The company also said laser communication systems can support space exploration missions, including the Artemis program, while helping extend high-volume satellite connectivity to underserved communities and reducing the digital divide. Company and Government Statements “The TERRA-M is uniquely capable of rapid, secure data transfer with satellites while also being small enough to be deployed and redeployed at the point of need,” said Richard Johanson, CEO of Archangel Lightworks. “We are on a pathway to providing resilient, large-scale deployable networks of optical ground stations. The demand for space-based information and connectivity solutions continues to grow exponentially, and we are pleased that our technology will play a role in this exciting new global communications infrastructure,” Johanson added. UK Space Minister Liz Lloyd welcomed the successful demonstration and highlighted its strategic significance for Britain’s growing space sector. “Archangel Lightworks is a prime example of British innovation leading the world in next-generation space technology,” Lloyd said. “The successful trials of the TERRA-M show the UK is at the forefront of laser communications, developing the kind of cutting-edge products that will underpin the future of global connectivity.” “Investing in homegrown capability like this strengthens our national security, drives economic growth, and brings opportunities to communities that need them most,” she added. “The UK Government is proud to have supported Archangel Lightworks, and this is a clear demonstration of what our space sector can deliver.” Funding, Customers and Future Deployment Archangel Lightworks confirmed that TERRA-M systems and ground-station-as-a-service contracts are already being purchased and delivered to customers. The company has established memoranda of understanding with telecommunications firms Starcloud and Omantel alongside several commercial agreements. Supported by the UK Space Agency, the Department of Science, Innovation and Technology and the UK Ministry of Defence, Archangel Lightworks recently completed an oversubscribed Series A funding round worth $13.5 million (£10 million), bringing its total funding to approximately $20 million. Institutional investors in the round include Santander Alternative Investments, the National Security Strategic Investment Fund (NSSIF), Blackfinch Ventures, Oxford Capital, Lycka Limited and Oxford Science Enterprises. The company said it is targeting wider deployment of TERRA-M systems by 2027 to support commercial broadband constellations, government sovereign communications networks and resilient high-volume data transfer from proliferated low Earth orbit satellite constellations.

North Korea Tests New “Juche-HIMARS,” 240mm Guided Rockets and AI-Guided Cruise Missiles

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SEOUL — May 27, 2026 : North Korea tested a newly developed lightweight multi-purpose missile launcher, an upgraded 240mm guided artillery rocket system, and AI-supported tactical cruise missiles on Tuesday, May 26, under the direct supervision of leader Kim Jong Un, according to state media reports released on Wednesday. The tests, conducted by North Korea’s Missile Administration and the Academy of Defense Sciences, took place off North Korea’s west coast and were described by the state-run Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) as part of ongoing efforts to modernize artillery and missile forces under the country’s five-year national defense development plan. South Korea’s military detected the launches from the Jongju area in North Phyongan Province, reporting that multiple projectiles, including close-range ballistic missiles, traveled approximately 80 kilometers toward the Yellow Sea. The launches marked North Korea’s eighth weapons test of 2026 and the first in 37 days, following a period of reduced activity since an April cluster bomb warhead test. According to KCNA, the tests examined the power of a “special mission warhead” mounted on a tactical ballistic missile while also evaluating the reliability, precision, and combat performance of expanded-range artillery and cruise missile systems. Analysts said the combined launch activity reflects a continued effort by Pyongyang to strengthen conventional precision-strike capabilities alongside its nuclear deterrence. Lightweight Multi-Purpose Missile Launcher Among the systems tested was a newly developed lightweight multi-purpose missile launcher mounted on a highly mobile wheeled vehicle. Images released by state media showed a compact launcher with a modular configuration, drawing comparisons from analysts to the American M142 HIMARS due to its truck-mounted design and ability to deploy precision-guided munitions. Informally described by some observers as a “Juche-HIMARS,” the launcher appears designed to support interchangeable munition pods capable of firing multiple weapon types, including guided artillery rockets and short-range tactical ballistic missiles. North Korea publicly displayed a similar system during a military parade in 2023. The modular configuration is intended to provide rapid-response strike capability while complicating adversary targeting by allowing operational flexibility between artillery and missile missions from a single mobile platform. 240mm Guided Artillery Rocket System North Korea also tested an upgraded version of its long-deployed 240mm multiple rocket launcher system. KCNA stated that the new controlled artillery rocket incorporates an expanded firing range and an “ultra-precision autonomous navigation system,” representing a technological shift from earlier unguided variants used for saturation bombardment. The test verified the reliability of the guided rocket and assessed operational performance under modern combat conditions. The integration of autonomous navigation and automated fire-control systems is intended to improve targeting precision while maintaining the system’s role in long-range artillery operations. The 240mm launcher has historically formed a major component of North Korea’s artillery posture directed toward South Korea, particularly against military targets and infrastructure near the border. AI-Guided Tactical Cruise Missile KCNA reported that the tactical cruise missile system tested during the drills incorporates terrain-contour matching navigation (TERCOM), enabling low-altitude flight by comparing terrain data with preloaded maps to improve survivability and radar evasion. The missiles also reportedly employ an artificial intelligence-supported terminal guidance system to improve strike accuracy during the final phase of flight. According to North Korean claims, the system combines glide and propulsion flight modes and is capable of striking targets within a range of approximately 100 kilometers. If deployed along forward positions near the inter-Korean border, the missile’s range would place South Korean military facilities, airfields, command centers, and populated areas within operational reach. KCNA said all systems tested during the event incorporated automated fire-control technologies adapted to modern warfare conditions, suggesting North Korea is seeking faster targeting and operational response times across frontline artillery and missile formations. Kim Jong Un’s Assessment and Deployment Orders KCNA quoted Kim Jong Un as describing the tests as “a clear signal of upgrading of our military force” and evidence of technical progress in the country’s weapons programs. He reportedly emphasized the importance of possessing sufficient destructive capability to ensure battlefield effectiveness and ordered accelerated modernization of artillery forces. The North Korean leader specifically instructed that the tactical cruise missile systems be rapidly deployed to long-range artillery brigades stationed near the “southern border area,” Pyongyang’s term for the border with South Korea. Earlier in May, Kim directed military authorities to strengthen defenses near the border and transform the area into what he described as an “impregnable fortress.” Hong Min, an analyst based in Seoul, described the weapons package as a “precision-strike complex,” highlighting its emphasis on precise, long-range and automated conventional firepower intended to strengthen North Korea’s battlefield capabilities below the nuclear threshold. The May 26 launch event follows earlier weapons demonstrations in 2026, including tests involving upgraded 600mm multiple rocket launchers overseen by Kim in January and March. The simultaneous testing of three distinct systems indicates continued progress in North Korea’s efforts to modernize tactical guided weapons, artillery systems and operational missile capabilities despite continued international sanctions targeting its ballistic missile and nuclear programs.

L3Harris Expands Iver4 900 Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Program for U.S. Navy Attack Submarines

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NATIONAL HARBOR, Maryland — May 27, 2026 : L3Harris Technologies is advancing production and operational integration of its Iver4 900 autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) for the U.S. Navy’s attack submarine fleet under a Defense Innovation Unit (DIU) program designed to enable torpedo tube launch and recovery of unmanned underwater systems. The effort aims to provide submarines with an organic unmanned capability for intelligence gathering, mine warfare, and seabed mapping missions while reducing risks to crews operating in contested environments. The company received an Other Transaction Authority (OTA) contract from the DIU to deliver a Torpedo Tube Launch and Recovery (TTLR) system capable of deploying and autonomously recovering the Iver4 900 through standard submarine torpedo tubes. Announced on March 25, 2026, the contract supports the U.S. Navy’s broader effort to expand manned-unmanned teaming and launched effects for undersea warfare operations. The Iver4 900 is intended to function as an underwater “loyal wingman” for attack submarines, supporting forward intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR), mine countermeasure operations, seabed mapping, and other undersea missions without exposing the host vessel to higher-risk areas. Operating untethered and autonomously, the vehicle extends a submarine’s sensing and operational reach while remaining integrated into existing fleet infrastructure. TTLR System Designed for Existing Submarine Infrastructure At the center of the DIU initiative is the TTLR system, which enables the launch and recovery of the Iver4 900 while submarines remain submerged and underway. The system uses a specialized enclosure known as the Shock and Fire Enclosure (SAFECAP), which fits inside a standard torpedo tube. The vehicle launches from the enclosure, conducts assigned missions independently, and autonomously navigates back into the SAFECAP upon completion. Because the system uses existing torpedo tubes, submarines do not require structural modifications to their hulls or dedicated permanent storage space inside torpedo rooms. This approach allows the capability to be integrated across multiple submarine classes while preserving operational flexibility and stealth. L3Harris President of Maritime, Space & Mission Systems Nino DiCosmo stated that the capability is already intended to meet operational requirements rather than remain in a developmental phase. “The Torpedo Tube Launch and Recovery system is not a future capability, it’s answering combatant commander needs today,” DiCosmo said. “Our system is the first to successfully launch and recover AUVs from a submarine, providing commanders flexibility for persistent undersea operations and maintaining essential stealth.” Operational Role and Fleet Integration According to L3Harris, the Iver4 900 is designed to serve as an organic extension of submarine sensor systems and forms part of the Navy’s launched effects portfolio intended to improve targeting, intelligence collection, and mission endurance. The vehicle can perform forward ISR, seabed mapping, mine warfare tasks, and other classified operational missions typically associated with submarine deployments. During the Sea Air Space 2026 Symposium in National Harbor, Maryland, JR Gear, Vice President and General Manager of Integrated Systems and Encryption at L3Harris, described the operational rationale behind integrating autonomous systems into submarine missions. “When a diver is out there in the ocean, a lot of times they have a dive buddy for safety,” Gear said. “Unmanned systems are really good for the dull, dirty, and dangerous business. So you think of all those things together—what’s the dive buddy that a submarine has?” The system is currently undergoing operational evaluation through at-sea exercises involving Virginia-class submarines, where the U.S. Navy and L3Harris are refining concept-of-operations procedures and testing how submarines can employ autonomous systems in contested or denied environments. These exercises are also being used to validate deployment, recovery, and mission workflows before broader operational implementation. Modular Design Supports Multiple Mission Sets The Iver4 900 incorporates a modular, open-architecture design intended to support a wide range of mission requirements. Payload sections in the nose, tail, and side compartments are removable and field-swappable, enabling crews to rapidly configure the vehicle for different operational tasks. The system supports third-party sensors, autonomy software, sonar systems, ISR payloads, and mine countermeasure technologies. Available configurations include interferometric synthetic aperture sonar such as Northrop Grumman’s µSAS, multiple-aperture sonar systems, 3D underwater lidar for detailed seabed mapping and mine detection, and forward-looking echo sounders used for object avoidance and underwater navigation. L3Harris said the platform’s open architecture allows continued payload development with external industry partners, enabling future capability upgrades without redesigning the vehicle itself. Technical Specifications and Endurance The Iver4 900 measures approximately 2.5 meters in length, features a 9-inch diameter titanium and carbon-fiber pressure housing, weighs less than 230 pounds, and is rated for operations at depths of up to 300 meters. The AUV can travel at speeds exceeding three knots during transit and more than five knots in sprint operations. Mission endurance varies depending on payload configuration and battery type. The platform uses the first submarine- and aviation-approved lithium-ion battery technology certified for Navy AUV operations, supporting hot-swappable battery replacement. In a lithium-ion configuration, the system can operate for over 40 hours and travel approximately 80 nautical miles under mission-minimal payload conditions. Standard nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) battery packs provide more than 20 hours of endurance and roughly 40 nautical miles of range. Supporting Manned-Unmanned Undersea Operations The DIU program is focused on reducing sailor workload by leveraging autonomous navigation and automated launch-and-recovery procedures. Rather than directly piloting the vehicle, operators are intended to focus on mission execution, data exploitation, and threat analysis. “Let’s let the sailor do the mission and concentrate on the threat,” Gear said. “Let’s not have the sailor worry about how to fly, drive, or steer.” The system has also undergone testing on multiple submarine platforms, including evaluations by the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy on Astute-class submarines under Project SCYLLA, supporting interoperability efforts associated with AUKUS Pillar 2 advanced defense technology cooperation. L3Harris continues to expand the Iver family’s payload ecosystem through third-party partnerships while manufacturing the systems at its facility in Fall River, Massachusetts. The company and the DIU have not disclosed contract value details or a production delivery timeline.

Japan Signs Initial Agreement with Germany’s Helsing for HX-2 Loitering Munition System

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TOKYO — May 27, 2026 : The Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF) has reached an initial agreement to procure the HX-2 loitering munition system from Helsing, marking an early step in Japan’s effort to expand advanced unmanned strike capabilities and integrate autonomous systems into its military structure. The agreement, facilitated through a local intermediary partner, comes as Japan accelerates investment in artificial intelligence-enabled defense technologies and unmanned warfare capabilities. The HX-2 is a software-defined, electrically propelled X-wing loitering munition designed for beyond-line-of-sight precision strikes against artillery systems, armored vehicles, defensive positions, and other military targets. Unveiled in December 2024, the system combines reconnaissance and strike capabilities in a single platform, enabling operators to monitor an area before conducting a precision attack. According to available technical specifications, the HX-2 weighs approximately 12 kilograms, can reach speeds of up to 220 kilometers per hour, and has an operational range of up to 100 kilometers. The system supports multiple payload configurations, including anti-tank and anti-structure munitions, and can carry warheads of up to five kilograms depending on mission requirements. A key feature of the HX-2 is its artificial intelligence-assisted operating system, which enables target recognition, tracking, and navigation in contested environments. The munition employs machine vision and stored mapping data to navigate in GPS-denied conditions and is designed to continue operating even when communications are disrupted by electronic warfare. While the system incorporates autonomous functions, Helsing states that it remains under human-on-the-loop oversight for engagement decisions. The HX-2 is integrated into Helsing’s Altra reconnaissance-strike software platform, allowing coordinated operations with other unmanned and manned systems. The platform is intended to support synchronized targeting, reconnaissance, and swarm-style operations involving multiple loitering munitions and battlefield assets. Japan Expands Unmanned Warfare Capabilities Japan’s procurement effort forms part of a broader military modernization strategy focused on unmanned systems and artificial intelligence. In April 2026, the JGSDF established two specialized offices within the Ground Staff Office — the Unmanned Defense Capability Promotion Office and the Unmanned Systems Office — to oversee the development and operational integration of autonomous capabilities. These organizations are tasked with developing doctrine for the deployment of loitering munitions alongside manned tanks, coastal artillery systems, and wider land-based defense operations. Japanese defense planners increasingly view autonomous systems as force multipliers capable of improving battlefield effectiveness while addressing manpower limitations. Japanese Defense Minister Shinjiro Koizumi has also launched a national public-private roadmap aimed at strengthening Japan’s domestic loitering munition and small unmanned aerial vehicle industry. The initiative seeks to support Japanese technology startups in developing low-cost, AI-enabled, mass-producible systems while reducing long-term dependence on foreign suppliers. At the same time, Japan plans to procure mature foreign systems to address immediate operational requirements until domestic production capabilities are sufficiently developed. The agreement with Helsing therefore represents both a near-term acquisition effort and part of a wider industrial transition strategy. The move also reflects personnel pressures within the JGSDF. The force has reported a personnel sufficiency rate of 89.1 percent, increasing interest in technologies that can supplement manpower requirements. Japan’s defense budget is expected to significantly expand spending on unmanned capabilities, including coastal defense systems such as the Shield architecture, which incorporates loitering munitions and other uncrewed platforms. Germany Expands HX-2 and Loitering Munition Procurement Japan’s agreement comes amid a broader expansion of loitering munition procurement across Europe. In March and April 2026, Germany placed orders for a five-digit number of loitering munitions from Helsing, Stark Defence, and Rheinmetall, with deliveries scheduled for the following year. The associated framework agreements permit expansion to a six-digit total in subsequent years, contingent upon contractor performance and production benchmarks. Germany’s initial procurement tranche for the HX-2, signed in February 2026, was valued at approximately €300 million under a larger framework agreement potentially worth up to €1 billion. Similar contracts valued between approximately €268 million and €300 million were also awarded to Stark Defence for its Virtus loitering munition system as part of Germany’s broader effort to diversify procurement and expand precision-strike drone inventories. The Bundeswehr has already begun integrating loitering munitions into operational formations. Field exercises conducted by the Loitering Ammunition Battery of Artillery Battalion 455 reportedly included tests against moving armored targets, including Leopard 2 tanks, as part of wider military evaluations. Combat Use in Ukraine The HX-2 is currently the only German-developed loitering munition system deployed on a large scale in Ukraine. Thousands of systems have reportedly been delivered to Ukrainian forces, where multiple frontline units are operating the munition in combat conditions. Ukrainian officials have publicly cited positive operational feedback regarding the system. Serhii Beskrestnov, an adviser involved in Ukraine’s digital transformation and defense technology initiatives, has shared footage showing successful strike missions using the HX-2. Russian military reporting has also referenced the system’s operational accuracy in battlefield assessments. According to Helsing, military testing conducted in Germany, the United Kingdom, and Kenya demonstrated hit rates approaching or reaching 100 percent under controlled testing conditions. The company continues to supply several hundred HX-2 systems per month to Ukraine while expanding manufacturing through resilience-focused production facilities in Europe designed to maintain supply continuity. Growing International Interest Japan’s agreement with Helsing adds to growing international interest in the HX-2, which has undergone testing and evaluation in Germany, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Loitering munition systems are increasingly viewed as cost-effective precision-strike platforms capable of operating in contested environments while complementing traditional artillery and conventional airpower. No details regarding procurement quantities, delivery schedules, or the total financial value of Japan’s agreement with Helsing have been disclosed.

Elbit Systems Subsidiary FUSE Acquires Israeli Autonomy Startup Bluewhite

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HAIFA, Israel — May 27, 2026 : Elbit Systems Ltd.’s subsidiary FUSE has completed the acquisition of 100% of the shares of Blue White Robotics Ltd. (Bluewhite), an Israeli developer of AI-powered off-road autonomy solutions, expanding its portfolio of autonomous systems across air, land, and indoor operational domains. Financial terms of the transaction were not disclosed. Founded in 2017 and headquartered in Tel Aviv, Bluewhite develops OEM-agnostic off-road autonomy technology that enables conventional vehicles to be converted into autonomous systems without replacing entire fleets. Initially focused on agricultural automation in permanent-crop environments such as orchards and vineyards, the company has adapted its technologies for defense, homeland security, and industrial applications operating in rugged and unstructured terrain. Bluewhite’s core offering consists of two integrated systems: the Pathfinder autonomy kit and the Compass fleet management platform. Pathfinder retrofits existing vehicles with sensors, onboard computing hardware, and control systems to support autonomous operations, allowing manned vehicles to perform missions with limited human intervention. Compass functions as a cloud-based operational platform designed for planning, supervision, coordination, and remote monitoring of multiple autonomous vehicles simultaneously. Unlike road-focused autonomous systems that depend on structured infrastructure, Bluewhite’s platform is designed for challenging off-road environments where terrain conditions are unpredictable and GPS access may be degraded or unavailable. The company states that its autonomy stack incorporates physical AI and sensor fusion capabilities, enabling operations in GPS-denied environments while maintaining vehicle navigation and mission execution. According to Elbit Systems, Bluewhite has accumulated more than 100,000 cumulative autonomous operating hours across agricultural and defense platforms. Its ground autonomy technology has reached Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) 8 to 9, indicating systems that have progressed beyond testing and demonstration phases and are considered mature for operational deployment. Integration into FUSE’s Multi-Domain Ecosystem FUSE, formerly known as Flying Production, operates under Elbit Systems’ C4I and Cyber division and specializes in the development of AI-enabled autonomous combat systems, unmanned aerial platforms, and swarm technologies. The acquisition introduces an additional ground robotics layer into FUSE’s existing autonomy portfolio, supporting more coordinated operations between aerial, land-based, and indoor robotic systems. The integration is intended to strengthen FUSE’s ability to provide unified autonomous capabilities under a single command-and-control framework, enabling robotic systems across different operational environments to coordinate more efficiently during defense and security missions. “Autonomy and robotics are reshaping how defense forces operate today,” said Eyal Dahan, Chief Executive Officer of FUSE. “The world is changing rapidly, and modern battlefields require vast adoption of robotics capabilities. The integration of Bluewhite’s technologies into FUSE’s multi-domain ecosystem enhances our ability to deliver unified autonomous solutions across air, land, and indoor domains. This step enhances FUSE’s autonomous robotics capabilities, positioning the company to effectively address the growing global demand for scalable, AI-powered autonomy.” Focus on Manned-Unmanned Teaming and Operational Roles The acquisition supports growing military requirements for manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T), a concept in which personnel supervise and coordinate fleets of robotic systems rather than conducting high-risk or repetitive activities directly. Bluewhite’s technologies could support military and security missions including logistics support, reconnaissance, perimeter security, cargo transportation, route clearance, and communications relay operations in difficult terrain. The company’s retrofit-based approach also offers defense operators the ability to modernize selected vehicles already in service instead of replacing complete fleets. This approach may simplify adoption timelines while lowering integration complexity for organizations seeking incremental deployment of autonomous systems. Bluewhite Leadership and Expansion Strategy Ben Alfi, Chief Executive Officer of Bluewhite, said the acquisition provides an opportunity to scale the company’s autonomy technologies into broader operational sectors. “Our mission has always been to bring practical autonomy to the field. By joining forces with FUSE and Elbit Systems, we gain a unique platform to bring our AI-driven ground autonomy technology to scale across defense, security and industrial applications,” he said. Founded by Ben Alfi, Yair Shahar, and Aviram Shmueli, Bluewhite had previously raised approximately $89 million in investment funding, including a $39 million Series C financing round announced in January 2024 backed by Insight Partners, Entrée Capital, and Peregrine Ventures. No specific military customers, vehicle platforms, delivery schedules, or deployment timelines connected to the acquisition have been announced. However, the transaction aligns with Elbit Systems’ broader strategy to integrate specialized autonomy technologies aimed at accelerating the deployment of operational robotic systems capable of supporting coordinated missions across multiple domains.

U.S. Space Force Awards SpaceX $2.29 Billion Contract for Space Data Network Backbone

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WASHINGTON, — May 27, 2026 : The U.S. Space Force has awarded SpaceX a $2.29 billion firm-fixed-price contract to develop the Space Data Network (SDN) Backbone, a proliferated low Earth orbit (pLEO) satellite constellation designed to provide resilient, high-capacity and low-latency military data transport worldwide. The award, announced by Space Systems Command (SSC) on May 26, was issued under an Other Transaction Authority (OTA) agreement as part of the Space Force’s effort to build a hybrid space-based communications architecture capable of rapidly transferring operational data between military systems. Previously known as MILNET, the SDN Backbone is a joint initiative between the Space Force and the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), aimed at moving information from sensors to operational shooters worldwide by integrating military and commercial satellite capabilities. According to Space Systems Command, the SDN Backbone will serve as an integrated network providing robust, resilient, high-capacity and low-latency data transport while supporting worldwide tactical communications and broadband services. The system is intended to function as a core communications layer connecting satellites, sensors, command systems and weapons platforms to enable near real-time data movement during military operations. SpaceX to Deliver Operational Prototype by 2027 Under the agreement, SpaceX is required to provide a fully operational prototype capability by the end of 2027. The service, however, has not confirmed whether the effort will involve launching newly built satellites or leveraging spacecraft already operating in orbit. The architecture is based on SpaceX’s Starshield satellites, a militarized version of the Starlink platform developed for national security applications. The constellation will operate in proliferated low Earth orbit and function as an optically interconnected mesh network, allowing data to move across multiple satellites efficiently and securely. The SDN Backbone is expected to become the foundational backhaul layer of the broader Space Data Network architecture. Satellite Procurement and Budget Expansion Space Force budget documents indicate the service plans to procure 13 satellites for the Space Data Network in fiscal year 2026, followed by 21 satellites in fiscal year 2027 as part of the initial deployment phases. Earlier planning documents for the MILNET program referenced a potential constellation of approximately 480 satellites, although current efforts remain focused on early procurement tranches and operational capability. Funding allocated to the program reflects a significant expansion in investment. While the fiscal year 2026 budget allocated approximately $277 million for MILNET, the fiscal year 2027 request includes nearly $1.5 billion for SDN Backbone research and development and approximately $1.6 billion for procurement activities, indicating a larger push toward proliferated low Earth orbit communications infrastructure. The broader Space Data Network will also include a Mission Operations Center responsible for managing the hybrid transport constellation and coordinating operational data movement across the system. Competitive Contracting and Industrial Base Expansion Space Systems Command stated the SpaceX award was made through a competitive process but did not immediately confirm whether additional bids were submitted. A Space Force spokesperson previously stated that the service intends to strengthen the U.S. industrial base to meet future proliferation requirements and continues efforts to identify additional contractors capable of building SDN satellites and supporting architecture components. Lt. Col. Jeffrey Fry, SDN Backbone system program manager, said competition remains central to the acquisition strategy. “Our acquisition strategy is designed to foster competition and broaden our industrial base,” Fry stated. “We aren’t trading speed for scale; we are demanding both. By using rapid prototyping and Other Transaction Authorities, we are ensuring our advanced solutions are integrated and delivered to the warfighter as fast as possible.” Integration With Wider Defense Space Architecture The SDN Backbone will operate alongside the Space Development Agency’s Transport Layer, with both systems intended to create a unified and open architecture supporting current and future Department of Defense missions. Together, the systems are expected to provide resilient global connectivity for military data transport requirements. To support interoperability across the constellation, the Space Force is also advancing the Enterprise Space Terminal (EST) program. Contractors including CACI, General Atomics and Viasat are developing standardized long-range laser communication terminals designed to implement common waveforms and enable crosslink compatibility between satellites across the network. Col. Ryan Frazier, acting Portfolio Acquisition Executive for Space-Based Sensing and Targeting, said the SDN Backbone will strengthen the Space Force’s ability to maintain continuous, global and secure communications between military systems. “The SDN Backbone leverages the best of commercial innovation and delivers a strong foundation for the SDN mission set,” Frazier stated. “The SDN Backbone supports the broader SDN, which acts as a core communications layer for the U.S. Space Force warfighting systems, ensuring our sensors and shooters are connected continuously, globally and securely.” Space Systems Command, which oversees a $15.6 billion annual space acquisition portfolio, is responsible for acquiring, developing and delivering the SDN Backbone through its Portfolio Acquisition Executive for Space-Based Sensing and Targeting as the broader architecture continues development.

U.S. Air Force Establishes Dedicated ‘Speedline’ to Accelerate F-15E Electronic Warfare Upgrades

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ROBINS AIR FORCE BASE, Georgia — May 27, 2026 : The U.S. Air Force has established a dedicated installation pathway to accelerate integration of the AN/ALQ-250 Eagle Passive Active Warning Survivability System (EPAWSS) across the F-15E Strike Eagle fleet, separating the advanced electronic warfare upgrade from routine maintenance schedules to speed delivery to operational squadrons. Announced by the Air Force Life Cycle Management Center (AFLCMC) on May 26, 2026, the new EPAWSS “Speedline” at the Warner Robins Air Logistics Complex in Georgia will begin receiving F-15E aircraft for modification in June 2026. The independent installation line is designed to operate separately from the aircraft’s standard Programmed Depot Maintenance (PDM) process, enabling aircraft not yet scheduled for depot work to receive the survivability upgrade earlier. Dedicated Installation Line to Speed Fielding Historically, EPAWSS integration was conducted during scheduled PDM cycles at Warner Robins, a process that consolidated maintenance but restricted installation rates because upgrades could only occur when aircraft entered depot maintenance. A 2025 Government Accountability Office assessment noted that linking modifications to PDM timelines delayed broader fleet fielding of the system. The newly established Speedline removes this limitation by creating a dedicated pathway exclusively for EPAWSS modifications. According to AFLCMC, the separation provides flexibility to install the system on aircraft that may not be scheduled for depot maintenance for another five to seven years. “The newly established Speedline resolves this limitation and operates entirely independent of the standard PDM line,” AFLCMC said. “This vital separation provides the program with the necessary flexibility to complete installations of this critical defensive system on aircraft that may not be due for PDM for another five to seven years.” Lt. Col. Matthew Heil, EPAWSS Materiel Leader for the F-15 Program Office, said the upgrade is essential to maintaining the Strike Eagle’s effectiveness in modern combat environments. “The F-15E Strike Eagle remains a cornerstone of our tactical airpower and deep strike capabilities,” Heil said. “We are not merely extending the life of this platform; we are aggressively expanding its lethality and survivability to ensure it dominates the modern battlespace.” Program Timeline and Fleet Implementation EPAWSS completed Initial Operational Test and Evaluation (IOT&E) for both the F-15E Strike Eagle and F-15EX Eagle II in early 2024 before entering full-rate production in January 2025. Boeing, serving as prime integrator, received a $615.8 million contract to support procurement and installation activities through 2030, while BAE Systems manufactures the system and develops its software architecture. The Air Force plans to retrofit 99 F-15E Strike Eagles with EPAWSS, while the system is installed as standard equipment on all new-production F-15EX aircraft. Before broader operational fielding, installations were limited to developmental and operational test aircraft assigned to Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, and Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada. Operational integration began with aircraft assigned to the 48th Fighter Wing at RAF Lakenheath in the United Kingdom. Modification work on the first operational F-15E started in May 2023, and the first two EPAWSS-equipped aircraft were delivered to the wing in January 2025. AN/ALQ-250 EPAWSS Capabilities Manufactured by BAE Systems and integrated by Boeing, the AN/ALQ-250 EPAWSS is a fully digital self-protection system designed to detect, identify, locate, deny, degrade, disrupt, and defeat airborne and surface-to-air threats in contested electromagnetic environments. According to the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation, EPAWSS functionally replaces three legacy Tactical Electronic Warfare System components: AN/ALR-56C Radar Warning Receiver AN/ALQ-135 Internal Countermeasures Set AN/ALE-45 Countermeasures Dispenser Set The system integrates with the F-15’s AN/APG-82(V)1 Active Electronically Scanned Array radar and the Advanced Display Core Processor II mission computer, improving threat detection, situational awareness, and survivability in electronically contested environments. EPAWSS is smaller and lighter than previous F-15 electronic warfare systems due to its digital architecture while providing broad instantaneous bandwidth and high-speed scanning to counter modern radio-frequency threats, including low-probability-of-intercept signals and agile emitters. Expanded Countermeasure Capacity and Cognitive EW A visible external feature of EPAWSS-equipped aircraft is the addition of two tail fairings positioned outboard of each engine, housing electronic warfare components and additional expendable countermeasure dispensers. The upgrade increases the F-15’s chaff and flare capacity by 50 percent through four added dispensers, bringing the aircraft total to 12 dispensers capable of carrying up to 360 cartridges. The expanded capacity enables greater use of defensive expendables in modern combat environments, including against shoulder-fired missile threats. EPAWSS also supports cognitive electronic warfare processing, enabling the system to analyze previously unencountered electromagnetic threats and optimize countermeasure techniques in real time. The capability was demonstrated during the Northern Edge 2023 exercise, where the system processed in-mission data to generate new techniques and adapt waveforms against unfamiliar threats. “EPAWSS is a leap in technology, improving the lethality and combat capabilities of the F-15E and F-15EX in contested, degraded environments against advanced threats,” said Maj. Bryant “Jager” Baum, EPAWSS Test Director for the Air Force Operational Test and Evaluation Center. “EPAWSS has set the baseline for EW within the fighter community.” BAE Systems officials said the system was designed for rapid software updates and future capability insertion through agile development methods. While EPAWSS is not currently integrated with the AN/AAR-57A(V) Common Missile Warning System for infrared missile detection, its architecture allows future integration with additional sensors, and the F-15EX retains mounting provisions for potential expansion. The establishment of the dedicated EPAWSS Speedline is expected to increase the pace of fleet modernization by enabling the Air Force to install the survivability suite outside standard depot maintenance schedules while sustaining long-term upgrades to the F-15E Strike Eagle fleet.

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