Space & Technology
BEIJING, China — China has detailed its plan to land astronauts on the Moon before 2030. The mission will use two Long March-10 rockets and a docking operation in lunar orbit. Wang Xiang, deputy chief designer of China’s manned space program, outlined the plan at the 7th Manned Space Symposium in Beijing on October 31. The mission follows a “two launches, lunar orbit rendezvous” approach. Two Rockets to Carry Three Astronauts The rockets will launch from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province. One will carry the Mengzhou crew spacecraft, while the other will transport the Lanyue lunar lander. Both vehicles will travel separately to the Moon and dock in lunar orbit. Three astronauts will launch aboard Mengzhou. Two will transfer to Lanyue and descend to the surface, while the third remains in orbit to support the mission. Lunar Surface Operations and Return The two astronauts will use the Tansuo lunar rover to collect samples and conduct scientific experiments. They will wear the newly developed Wangyu spacesuits. After completing their work, the astronauts will return to lunar orbit aboard Lanyue’s ascent module. The lander will dock with Mengzhou again. The crew will transfer the samples, rejoin their colleague, and begin the journey back to Earth. The lander will be left behind. Key Systems Under Development China is developing three main systems: Long March-10, Mengzhou, and Lanyue. Key tests have already been completed. Mengzhou: Zero-height launch abort and maximum dynamic pressure escape tests. Lanyue: Landing and takeoff tests using an extraterrestrial gravity simulator. Long March-10: Low-altitude demonstration and validation flight at Wenchang in February 2026. The program also reported a first-stage recovery milestone in July 2026, when the rocket’s first stage was caught in a ship’s net during its maiden orbital flight. Wang said the two-launch design matches China’s current technical capabilities and infrastructure. Separate development of the spacecraft and lander is expected to support standardized production and future vehicle development. The program has established unified technical standards and is verifying interfaces between subsystems. Uncrewed Mission Before Crewed Landing China plans an uncrewed flight of the Lanyue lunar lander before sending astronauts. The mission will test the sequence from launch and orbital docking to lunar landing, ascent, and a second docking. On October 22, 2026, the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) invited scientific payload proposals for the uncrewed flight. The submission deadline is March 1, 2027. The mission will carry scientific experiments and technical demonstrations. It is intended to verify key systems ahead of the crewed landing. China’s goal remains to land astronauts on the Moon before 2030. The two-launch architecture will allow the crew spacecraft and lunar lander to operate separately before meeting in lunar orbit.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 16:26:24
Space & Technology
Nasa — NASA’s Perseverance rover has detected ultrafine Martian dust that can remain attached to spacesuit materials for years. The findings highlight a potential challenge for future human missions to Mars, where dust could enter habitats and pose health risks. Published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) in late October 2026, the study analyzed dust collected on material samples carried by Perseverance over 1,645 Martian days. Martian Dust Smaller Than 300 Nanometers Perseverance used its PIXL and SHERLOC instruments to examine dust particles on the Martian surface and spacesuit material samples. The rover detected particles measuring around 100 to 300 nanometers—roughly 700 times thinner than a human hair. Earlier Mars missions could measure dust particles only down to about 3 micrometers. The new observations identified much smaller particles, including those below 2.5 micrometers. Such ultrafine particles may penetrate deep into human lungs and potentially enter the bloodstream. Martian dust also contains silica, iron compounds, and chlorine-bearing salts such as perchlorates, which can pose toxicological risks depending on exposure. Unlike the sharp, angular lunar dust that damaged Apollo spacesuits, Martian dust is generally smoother and more rounded. However, its small size and chemical composition present different challenges. Dust Remains Attached to Spacesuit Materials Perseverance carries small samples of spacesuit materials on its robotic arm. These include Vectran, Teflon, Ortho-Fabric, and polycarbonate, similar to materials used in astronaut gloves, suits, and helmet visors. The observations showed that larger dust particles were sometimes removed by wind, temperature-driven air movements, and rover vibrations during driving and drilling. However, the finest particles remained attached throughout the 1,645 Martian days. Vectran collected larger particles, particularly beneath its fabric weave. Teflon accumulated less dust, but the particles that remained were finer. Electrostatic forces appear to influence how dust binds to different surfaces. Researchers found no significant visible damage to the tested materials after years of exposure. NASA Develops Measures to Protect Future Astronauts NASA’s Martian Dust Limit Working Group has established a preliminary exposure limit of 0.1 milligrams of dust per cubic meter of air, averaged over 24 hours, for missions lasting up to 30 days. The findings could help engineers develop safer spacesuits, habitats, and dust-removal systems. Potential solutions include suitports, dual-chamber airlocks, and advanced habitat filtration systems to prevent dust from entering living spaces. Scott VanBommel of Washington University in St. Louis, the study’s lead author and a Perseverance science team member, noted that smaller particles can reach deeper into the body and are harder to clear. NASA’s Lindsay Hays said Perseverance’s measurements could help engineers and flight surgeons improve equipment designs before astronauts reach Mars. The study did not measure health effects in humans. Instead, it examined dust particle sizes, composition, and interactions with different materials. Perseverance continues exploring Jezero Crater, collecting rock and soil samples while providing environmental data that could support future crewed missions to Mars.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 16:19:25
U.S
Washington — Leonardo DRS has received a subcontract from AeroVironment to support the integration of mobile laser weapons under the U.S. Army’s Enduring-High Energy Laser (E-HEL) program. The effort marks the Army’s first production program for a high-energy laser weapon, aimed at providing an affordable defense against drones. 30-kW LOCUST X3 Laser System The program centers on AeroVironment’s 30-kilowatt LOCUST X3, designed to track and defeat Group 1 through 3 unmanned aircraft. Leonardo DRS will provide vehicle integration, power management, and thermal control expertise. The system is designed for the Army’s Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV), with stationary palletized configurations also available. Integration on the Infantry Squad Vehicle has also been examined. LOCUST X3 uses spectral beam combining and AeroVironment’s AV_Halo software for detection, tracking, and targeting. Its cost per shot is reported to be less than $5, while its power supply allows the system to replenish its firing capacity without conventional ammunition. $464.8 Million Army Production Contract On September 2, 2026, the U.S. Army awarded AeroVironment an Other Transaction Agreement worth nearly $464.8 million for E-HEL. The contract covers delivery of dozens of LOCUST X3 systems over the next several years, along with training and support. The program builds on earlier Multi-Purpose High Energy Laser prototyping efforts involving previous LOCUST systems. Previous Partnership and Manufacturing Expansion Leonardo DRS and AeroVironment worked together in 2024 and 2025 to integrate a counter-drone laser onto an armored vehicle. Leonardo DRS provided vehicle integration, power, thermal management, and systems-engineering support for U.S. government live-fire evaluations and training. John Baylouny, president and CEO of Leonardo DRS, said the Army’s move into production reflects the growing importance of scalable directed-energy capabilities against evolving drone threats. Aaron Hankins, vice president and general manager of Leonardo DRS Land Systems, said the company is applying its experience in vehicle integration, power, and thermal management to deliver a mobile laser capability for the Army. He highlighted the need for reliable systems in demanding environments. AeroVironment is expanding production capacity at its Albuquerque, New Mexico, facility following a $30 million investment announced earlier in 2026. The company plans to produce dozens of LOCUST X3 systems annually over the next few years to meet military demand. The selection of Leonardo DRS for the integration work was announced on November 2, 2026.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 16:06:34
World
Weinan, Shaanxi, China — Chinese aerospace company Huaying Aviation has rolled out its first serial-production HE-1A unmanned cargo aircraft at its Weinan assembly facility. The rollout took place on October 29, marking a step toward batch production of China’s ton-class commercial unmanned transport aircraft. The HE-1A is designed for commercial intercity cargo transport. It has a maximum takeoff weight of 4 metric tons and a payload capacity of 2 tons, giving it a payload ratio above 50%. The aircraft can operate from grass, gravel, and compacted-earth surfaces. It is also designed for airdrop and emergency response missions. Production and Flight Testing Huaying’s Weinan facility covers approximately 50,000 square meters and has three assembly lines. The plant is planned to produce more than 100 aircraft annually. The company has secured orders for 110 units, including earlier contracts for around 100 aircraft from five customers, among them logistics firm ZTO Group. Those contracts were reported to be worth more than 3 billion yuan. The HE-1 technology demonstrator completed its first flight in September 2024, after about 18 months of development. The production-standard HE-1A is scheduled to fly before the end of 2026 and appear at the Zhuhai Airshow in December. China’s Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) Northwest Regional Administration accepted the aircraft’s type certification application in March 2026. Huaying aims to secure certification by the end of 2027, before starting commercial deliveries. HE-2 and HE550 Under Development Huaying Aviation is also developing two cargo aircraft: HE-2: A heavier unmanned cargo aircraft with a planned maximum takeoff weight of approximately 5 tons and a payload of 2 to 2.5 tons. It will feature a tail-drop capability for areas without landing sites. Development is expected to finish in 2026, with a first flight planned for 2027. HE550: A hybrid-powered large eVTOL designed for urban and intercity cargo transportation. It uses a front canard and tandem-wing layout, with a hybrid power system. The aircraft uses 12 electric motors for vertical takeoff and landing, switching to a twin-piston-engine and propeller configuration for cruise flight. The HE550 has a maximum takeoff weight of 2 tons, a payload capacity of approximately 500 kg, and a cargo compartment volume of less than 5 cubic meters. It has an economic cruise speed of up to 200 km/h and a maximum range of approximately 2,000 km. Its dimensions include a 9.5-meter fuselage length, 3.4-meter height, 14.2-meter main wingspan, and 5.5-meter canard wingspan. A full-size rear cargo door allows cargo pallets to be loaded and unloaded directly. The HE550 is intended for intercity cargo transport, short-distance commercial logistics, and urban air cargo transfers. Its vertical takeoff capability removes the need for a runway. Company Background Established in July 2022, Huaying Aviation has a team that includes engineers from China’s Y-20 transport aircraft and C919 airliner programs. The company emphasizes independent design, holds intellectual property rights for its aircraft, and uses domestically produced components. In May 2026, Huaying completed a Series A funding round exceeding 500 million yuan, involving 20 investment institutions. Reports have placed cumulative investment related to the company at around 5.3 billion yuan. The HE-1A is moving from prototype development toward serial production and formal airworthiness certification, with commercial logistics as its primary role.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 15:50:54
World
London — The UK’s signals intelligence agency GCHQ cannot account for thousands of removable data storage devices, raising concerns over the security of sensitive intelligence information. The issue was highlighted in the annual report of the Investigatory Powers Commissioner’s Office (IPCO), published on October 29, 2026. GCHQ has known about the problem for several years but still cannot establish the exact number of missing devices. These include USB sticks, external hard drives, memory cards, compact discs, and other portable storage media. IPCO described the number as “very significant,” with GCHQ estimating that the maximum could be in the thousands. Missing Devices May Contain Sensitive Intelligence Some devices may hold information covered by the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (IPA), which governs communications interception and equipment interference. The data could include intercepted emails, text messages, phone calls, and information extracted from monitored computers or phones. However, the report does not confirm the contents of the missing devices or suggest that they have reached adversaries. Investigatory Powers Commissioner Lord Brian Leveson said GCHQ had yet to establish the scale, location, and recoverability of the missing media. He expressed concern over the delay and said the issue would remain under close monitoring. GCHQ Introduces New Tracking System GCHQ has launched a recovery programme to locate the missing devices. It is also introducing an automated equipment-tracking system, expected to become operational by the end of 2026. A GCHQ spokesperson acknowledged that the previous management system was not reliable enough to track registered devices. The agency said it had acted on all IPCO recommendations, updated its procedures and tools, and conducted an equipment audit. The new system is expected to provide a more accurate count of devices confirmed as missing. Other Security Concerns Identified The IPCO report also raised concerns about safeguards restricting foreign intelligence partners’ access to intercepted data collected by GCHQ. Inspectors found problems involving at least one foreign partner. Both sides agreed to address the weaknesses. The report also identified a software bug in a target-discovery application that incorrectly flagged a small number of people as potentially involved in terrorism. The errors resulted in five port stops under the Terrorism Act. Those stopped had their devices examined and biometrics taken. GCHQ identified and reported the flaw. IPCO found no formal error under the Investigatory Powers Act because the activity was lawfully authorised and the faulty methodology was not foreseeable. GCHQ took steps to minimise the impact after discovering the problem. Previous Military Document Security Breach The findings follow a separate security incident involving the UK Ministry of Defence in March 2025. On March 16, 2025, a football fan discovered classified military documents inside a black bin bag on a road in the Scotswood area of Newcastle. The bag had been left beneath parked cars, with papers spilling onto the road. Several documents were marked “OFFICIAL – SENSITIVE”. They contained soldiers’ ranks, personal email addresses, shift schedules, and weapons-issue records. The papers also detailed an intrusion detection system and access procedures for an arms storage facility at Catterick Garrison in North Yorkshire. They were handed to Northumbria Police, prompting an internal Ministry of Defence investigation. GCHQ is the UK’s primary signals intelligence (SIGINT) agency, responsible for cybersecurity and protecting government and military information. It operates alongside MI5 and MI6 as one of the country’s three main intelligence agencies. The IPCO report states that efforts to account for the missing devices will continue under close oversight into 2026.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 15:45:01
World
Moscow — The first photograph has emerged showing Russia’s new Filin cruise missile mounted on a ground-based launcher with a solid-fuel booster. The image was published by Russian military commentator Yuri Podolyaka. Russian forces reportedly began using the missile against Ukraine in late summer 2026. Ukraine’s Defence Intelligence Directorate (GUR) has also released technical details of the weapon through its War&Sanctions portal. The Filin is a compact, jet-powered cruise missile designed for ground launch. It uses a solid-fuel booster to accelerate after launch before switching to its R500 turbojet engine, manufactured by Russia’s Reynolds LLC. The same engine has previously been identified in Russia’s S-71K Kover and S-71M Monokhrom air-launched cruise missiles. Filin Cruise Missile: Specifications and Range According to Ukraine’s military intelligence, the Filin measures approximately 3.5 metres in length, has a 3-metre wingspan, and weighs around 210 kg at launch. Its airframe is made from composite materials, including carbon fibre and fiberglass. Some components are manufactured using 3D-printing technology. The missile features straight wings, tail surfaces, and an upper air intake for its turbojet engine. The missile’s reported specifications include: Maximum speed: Up to 800 km/h Operational range: 600–1,200 km Maximum altitude: Up to 6,000 metres Warhead options: 50 kg or 100 kg Warhead types: High-explosive fragmentation, penetrating, and thermobaric The Filin can fly at extremely low altitudes or climb to a height of 6 km. Its reported range varies with the warhead configuration. The lighter 50 kg warhead is associated with a range of up to 1,200 km, while the heavier 100 kg version has a shorter reported range of around 600–700 km. Guidance System and Foreign Components Ukraine’s GUR has identified a Chinese-made inertial navigation system and satellite receivers among the missile’s navigation equipment. It also uses a 16-channel Russian-made Kometa anti-jamming module, designed to help protect navigation against electronic warfare. The missile’s onboard equipment is manufactured by PLAZ LLC, a company also involved in producing Garpiya drones. Ukrainian intelligence has reported similarities between the Filin and Garpiya systems in their layouts and markings. An examination of the missile’s electronics identified 81 distinct components, including 35 US-made and 22 Chinese-made parts. The findings indicate that the missile relies on a mix of foreign electronics and components used across other Russian weapons systems. The Filin combines a ground-based launch capability with a turbojet-powered cruise phase. Its reported speed, range, and warhead options place it between conventional cruise missiles and jet-powered one-way attack drones. Main Source : militarnyi
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 15:21:30
World
Moscow — Russia has imposed a three-month export ban on benzene, toluene, xylenes, and phenol to secure raw materials for domestic industries. Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin signed the decree. The restriction covers coal-derived and petroleum-derived benzene, toluene, ortho-xylene, para-xylene, and phenol shipped outside the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The bloc includes Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia, and Kyrgyzstan. International transit shipments, humanitarian aid, and supplies for Russian operations on the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard are exempt. The government has not disclosed the scale of domestic supply shortages. Industrial and Military Applications The chemicals are essential feedstocks for the chemical industry. They are used in paints and coatings for the automotive, aviation, shipbuilding, and railway sectors. Other applications include food packaging, flooring, cable insulation, and pharmaceutical products. Toluene is also a key raw material for TNT, an explosive used in bombs and artillery shells. Ukrainian Strikes on Russian Chemical Facilities The ban comes amid repeated Ukrainian drone and missile strikes on Russian chemical, refining, and propellant facilities. Ukraine’s General Staff has linked several targeted sites to rocket and missile production. In the past two weeks, Ukraine reported strikes on the Tolyattikauchuk synthetic rubber plant in the Samara region for the third time this year. The Voronezhsintezkauchuk plant was also targeted. Kyiv says both produce rubber used in solid rocket propellant for tactical and ballistic missiles. On October 31, Ukrainian drones and Neptune missiles struck the Kamensky Combine in the Rostov region. The facility produces solid propellant for Uragan, Smerch, and Tornado-S rocket systems. President Volodymyr Zelensky confirmed the strike the following day. Earlier in October, Ukraine reported strikes on the AVISMA plant in the Perm region and a chemical facility in the Tver region linked to fuel components for Kh-55 and Kh-101 cruise missiles. Moscow has not officially linked the export ban to these attacks or the ongoing conflict. Pressure on Domestic Supplies Russia’s major producers of petroleum-derived benzene, toluene, and xylene include Rosneft’s Ryazan refinery, the Moscow refinery, Slavneft-YANOS in Yaroslavl, Sibur’s ZapSibNeftekhim in Tobolsk, and Uralorgsintez in the Perm region. These facilities have faced repeated strikes this year, putting pressure on domestic supplies. Russia has also restricted fuel exports. The gasoline export ban, introduced in the spring, has been extended through January 31, 2027. Limits on diesel exports have also been maintained. The latest chemical export restriction is scheduled to remain in force for three months, into early February 2027, unless modified. The government says the measure will help maintain supplies of essential raw materials for Russian industry.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 14:32:40
U.S
WASHINGTON — General Atomics Aeronautical Systems (GA-ASI) is developing a large unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) called NextGen, designed for intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance (ISR), and strike missions. The aircraft features a tailless flying-wing design and a hybrid-electric propulsion system. GA-ASI says its engine team is targeting more than 60 hours of flight without refueling. The details were shared by company spokesperson C. Mark Brinkley with The War Zone on October 30, 2026. The aircraft is fully armed and equipped for ISR and strike missions. Hybrid-Electric Propulsion and Long Endurance NextGen uses a conventional fuel-burning engine to generate electricity. Electric motors then use that power to move the aircraft. The approach allows the engine to operate at an efficient setting. It is also intended to reduce fuel consumption, heat, and noise signatures. GA-ASI is targeting more than 60 hours of unrefueled flight. This would be more than twice the approximately 27-hour endurance of the company’s MQ-9 Reaper. A flight duration of this length could support persistent surveillance over large areas, including the South China Sea, without requiring aerial refueling. However, the 60-hour figure remains a development target, not a demonstrated flight result. NextGen to Support Gambit 4 Development GA-ASI has clarified that NextGen is not a Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA). Unlike CCAs designed to operate alongside crewed fighter jets, NextGen is being developed as an independent ISR and strike platform. The technology and flight data gathered during its development will support the company’s Gambit 4 concept. Gambit 4 is a stealth-optimized flying-wing drone designed for intelligence gathering in heavily contested environments. The Gambit family, introduced in 2022, uses a modular design. Common components, including landing gear and basic avionics, can be reused across different aircraft variants. GA-ASI has also worked on hybrid-electric propulsion through the GHOST program. In May 2025, the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory awarded the company a contract worth approximately $99.3 million for a hybrid-electric, ducted-fan ISR and strike unmanned system. The work is expected to continue through August 2028. The exact relationship between GHOST and NextGen has not been publicly disclosed. Development Status GA-ASI has developed and delivered more than 1,600 aircraft over 34 years. The company is also working on other Gambit variants, including the FQ-42A Vengeance collaborative combat aircraft. NextGen remains under development. GA-ASI has not announced its first-flight timeline or released details about its dimensions, payload capacity, or sensor suite. The company has also not demonstrated the targeted 60-hour endurance. Its hybrid-electric propulsion system and flying-wing design remain central features of the ongoing development program.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 14:19:30
World
Kyiv, Ukraine — Ukraine’s Defense Intelligence Directorate (DIU) has released detailed specifications of Russia’s upgraded Gerbera-2 drone, revealing changes to its range, payload, and onboard electronics. The information, published on the War&Sanctions website, shows how the Gerbera has evolved from a low-cost decoy into a platform capable of reconnaissance and strike missions. Extended Range and Upgraded Design The Gerbera-2 has a 3-meter wingspan and a 2.6-meter-long fuselage. Its enlarged fuel tank holds 63 liters and is divided into separate compartments to maintain stability during flight. According to Ukrainian intelligence, the drone has a range of up to 1,200 km and an endurance of up to 10 hours. Its cruising speed is 180 km/h, while its maximum speed reaches 200 km/h. The drone uses a two-cylinder, two-stroke engine. Ukrainian intelligence describes it as essentially half of the engine used in Russia’s larger Geran-2 attack UAV. Engine production has been localized at a facility in Russia’s Alabuga Special Economic Zone. A Gerbera-2 carrying a warhead was reportedly recovered on Poland’s Baltic coast in mid-September 2026, highlighting the drone’s potential to operate beyond Ukrainian territory. Warhead and Counter-Interceptor Cameras Russia claims the Gerbera-2 can carry a payload of up to 25 kg. In the examined sample, Ukrainian investigators identified a 10 kg OFZBCh-10 high-explosive fragmentation incendiary warhead. Separate bags containing an additional incendiary mixture were also found. The drone was equipped with a dual IP camera mounted above the fuel tank. The camera is intended to monitor threats approaching from above, including Ukrainian interceptor drones. Other Gerbera-2 variants have been identified with forward-facing IP cameras and cameras mounted on three-axis stabilized gimbals. Electronics and Foreign Components The upgraded Gerbera-2 features a new flight controller and a mesh modem manufactured by China’s Shenzhen Sinosun Technology Co., Ltd. Video processing is handled by a unit called Sosiska, built around a Chinese Coke Pi microcomputer. The drone also uses Russia’s Kometa-M12 navigation module, which provides resistance to jamming. The module is manufactured by VNIIR-Progress and supports navigation using 12 channels. As of November 2, 2026, Ukrainian investigators have identified 22 foreign-made components in the Gerbera-2. The origins of 20 components have been established: China: 8 components United States: 4 components Ireland: 3 components Switzerland: 3 components Taiwan: 1 component The Netherlands: 1 component The origins of two components, an AIME1 memory chip and an IP camera, remain unknown. The DIU’s findings provide details of the drone’s upgraded design, its electronic systems, and the foreign components identified in the examined samples. Ukrainian intelligence continues to document Russian military equipment and its supply chains through the War&Sanctions portal.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 14:09:55
Europe
Sweden — Swedish defence company Saab has introduced the Combat Boat 90 Capability X (CB90 CX), a heavily upgraded version of its CB90 assault craft. The new boat expands the platform’s role beyond troop transport, adding capabilities for maritime surveillance, anti-ship warfare, and short-range air defence. The CB90 CX is designed to operate with a crew, through remote control, or with autonomous functions. Saab’s Autonomous Ocean Core enables these operating modes, allowing the boat to support different naval missions. Larger Design and Improved Performance The CB90 CX measures 18 metres in length and 4 metres in width, making it larger than the CB90 Next Generation (NG). Its increased size allows a payload capacity of more than 5 tonnes, over 50% higher than the earlier design on a like-for-like basis. The boat uses two 1,100 hp engines driving waterjets. It can reach speeds exceeding 40 knots when fully loaded and has a range of more than 300 nautical miles. Its draught is 1.1 metres, supporting operations in shallow waters. The vessel can operate with zero to 10 crew members. Its updated systems also support operations in a wider range of sea conditions. Three Mission Configurations Saab is developing the CB90 CX in three configurations. Each is designed for a specific mission and can operate alongside the others. Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR): Equipped with the Sea Giraffe 1X 3D radar, providing 360-degree air and surface surveillance. Its air detection range exceeds 100 km. The radar mast can extend to 11 metres or lower to around 4 metres. A Saab Trackfire remote weapon station supports self-defence and counter-drone operations. Anti-Ship Warfare: This version carries MBDA Marte ER anti-ship missiles for over-the-horizon engagements. The missiles have a range exceeding 100 km when supported by external targeting data. They use sea-skimming flight and active radar guidance during the terminal phase. Short-Range Air Defence (SHORAD): Designed to counter drones, helicopters, and loitering munitions. The configuration uses a Rheinmetall SeaSnake 30 mm autocannon with programmable ammunition. Some descriptions also identify a Hensoldt Spexer 2000 3D MKIII radar. Sweden Becomes Launch Customer Sweden is the launch customer for the CB90 CX. The Swedish Defence Materiel Administration has ordered 36 boats from the CB90 family in recent years. The orders include 10 boats in June 2024, 22 in 2025, and four more in the first half of 2026. The first CB90 CX has completed final acceptance trials, while Saab is expanding production capacity at its Docksta facility. The new boat will operate alongside Sweden’s existing CB90 NG fleet rather than replacing it. Saab says more than 300 CB90-series boats serve nine navies. Saab Focuses on Distributed Naval Combat Capability Anders Hellman, head of Saab’s Docksta business unit, said the CB90 CX reflects changing naval requirements. He highlighted the importance of distributing sensors and weapons across multiple platforms instead of relying on a small number of larger warships. The new boat is intended for NATO and allied customers, with potential interest in the Baltic and Mediterranean regions. It is classified to DNV HSLC standards, supporting operations up to 100 nautical miles from a safe haven in summer and 50 nautical miles in winter. Saab is presenting the CB90 CX ahead of Euronaval 2026, positioning it as a flexible combat platform that combines the speed and shallow-water performance of the CB90 family with expanded surveillance and weapons capabilities.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 13:54:13
World
Israel — Israel’s Ministry of Defense has signed a 15-year contract worth approximately $190 million (NIS 600 million) with Elbit Systems to establish and operate a new artillery training facility for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). The facility will train commanders and soldiers to operate the SIGMA self-propelled howitzer (Ro’em) and PULS rocket launcher (Lahav). The Defense Procurement Directorate arranged the agreement with the IDF Ground Forces, while the Land Procurement Unit led the project. Advanced Training for New Artillery Systems The training center will include classrooms, driving simulators, mission simulators, and dedicated training infrastructure. It will also use artificial intelligence (AI), automation, and advanced simulation technologies. The contract covers construction, instruction, maintenance, and logistical support for 15 years. Simulator-based training is expected to reduce qualification time, improve crew proficiency, and lower costs. It will also reduce the need to train on operational equipment, limiting wear and maintenance requirements. Elbit Systems’ official announcement lists the contract value at approximately $170 million, while Israel’s Ministry of Defense describes the agreement as worth more than $190 million. SIGMA Ro’em Howitzer and PULS Rocket Launcher The 155 mm SIGMA howitzer, known as Ro’em in IDF service, is mounted on a mobile 10×10 truck chassis. Israel decided to procure the system in 2017, with development beginning in 2019. It was designated Ro’em in 2021, and its first unit declared it operational in late 2025. The system features automated loading and positioning, a three-person crew, and a firing rate of six to eight rounds per minute. It can fire its first shell in less than 60 seconds after stopping. Independent navigation and fire-control systems allow it to operate without a separate command vehicle. The PULS rocket launcher, designated Lahav by the IDF, will also be covered by the training program. Officials Highlight Readiness and Long-Term Support Zeev Landau, deputy director general of Israel’s Ministry of Defense and head of the Defense Procurement Directorate, said the agreement would strengthen operational readiness and support Israel’s domestic defense industry. He added that advanced training technologies and long-term support would help the Artillery Corps use the full firepower potential of the new systems while making efficient use of resources. Boaz Cohen, executive vice president and general manager of Elbit Systems Land, said the company had developed one of the world’s most advanced training systems for the Ground Forces. He said the Artillery School and its training infrastructure would provide efficient, high-quality instruction and maintain the Artillery Corps’ readiness. No construction schedule or opening date has been disclosed.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 13:50:29
U.S
WASHINGTON — Advanced Acoustic Concepts (AAC), a U.S. subsidiary of French defense company Thales, has secured a $53.9 million U.S. Navy contract to deliver two integrated Remote Mine Hunting (RMH) modules with engineering support. Announced on November 2, 2026, the contract includes options for additional modules. These could increase its total value to $196.2 million. AI-Powered Mine-Hunting System The RMH modules will support the Navy’s Mine Countermeasures (MCM) mission. They will help sailors detect, locate and classify underwater mines remotely, reducing risks to personnel and ships. The system follows the “Find, Fix and Finish” approach. Its key technologies include: Multiview Towed Synthetic Aperture Sonar (SAS): Provides high-resolution underwater imaging and mine detection while reducing false targets. AI-Augmented Automatic Target Recognition (ATR): Helps operators process, classify, map and manage data. It also speeds up target identification and decision-making. Modular Integration: Enables operation with manned and unmanned surface vessels, with provisions for future remote mine-neutralization capabilities. The modules are designed to support the Navy’s shift toward unmanned mine-countermeasure systems, including the Mine Countermeasures Unmanned Surface Vehicle (MCM USV). Contract Details and Timeline The Navy awarded the contract on August 5, 2026, following a competition that received three offers. The initial award value is $53,943,257 under contract N00024-26-C-6304. Fiscal Year 2026 operations and maintenance funds were allocated. Work will be carried out at four locations: Lemont Furnace, Pennsylvania: 66% Clarksburg, Maryland: 20% Great River, New York: 7% Washington, D.C.: 7% Base work is expected to finish by October 2029. If all options are exercised, the contract could continue through September 2033. Thales and AAC on the Program Rob Geckle, CEO of Thales North America, said countering underwater mine threats is essential to maritime security and naval mission success. He said the program will strengthen fleet readiness. Mike Carnovale, President of AAC, said the program combines Thales’ mine-warfare technologies with AAC’s undersea warfare expertise. He highlighted the integration of sonar, classification software and future remote-neutralization capabilities to simplify operations and speed up the process from detection to action. Founded in New York in 1989, AAC became a wholly owned Thales subsidiary in 2022. It operates under a U.S. Department of Defense-approved Proxy Agreement to address foreign ownership, control or influence concerns. AAC has a long history of supplying sonar and undersea warfare systems to the U.S. Navy. The latest contract is its largest award to date.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-02 13:44:55
World
BEIJING, — China is expanding the capabilities of its Chengdu J-20 stealth fighter family, with state media detailing upgrades to the single-seat J-20A and the two-seat J-20S. Both variants appeared publicly during the September 2025 military parade, highlighting improvements in aerodynamics, sensors, engines and combat coordination. J-20A Gets Aerodynamic and Sensor Upgrades The upgraded J-20A features a raised, smoother transition behind the cockpit to improve airflow and high-speed performance while providing additional internal space for avionics and fuel. Its redesigned optical sensor housing beneath the nose carries eight lenses, compared with six on earlier versions. Chinese military commentator Wang Mingliang said the expanded sensor suite improves detection and tracking, including against other stealth aircraft in complex electromagnetic environments. Two-Seat J-20S Designed for Drone Coordination The J-20S is described by Chinese sources as the world's first publicly presented two-seat stealth fighter. Its front-seat pilot handles flying and air-to-air combat, while the rear-seat operator coordinates unmanned aircraft, manages battlefield information and assigns targets across land, sea and air platforms. The configuration supports manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T), allowing the aircraft to function as an airborne command and coordination platform during complex missions. Domestic Engines and Production The J-20 family is transitioning from earlier reliance on Russian engines to Chinese-developed turbofans, including the WS-10C and WS-15. Wang said the engines provide stronger thrust, supporting high-overload maneuvers, higher speeds and sustained supersonic cruise without afterburners. A domestically powered version first appeared publicly at the 2021 Airshow China in Zhuhai. Open-source intelligence and defence analysts estimate that China has produced more than 300 J-20 fighters, with approximately 120 delivered to the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) in 2025 alone. J-20 Expands Operational Role The J-20 now operates alongside KJ-series airborne early warning aircraft, YY-20 aerial refuellers, J-16 multirole fighters and J-10C fighters. According to CCTV, the PLAAF has moved the aircraft from initial limited deployment to routine patrols, joint exercises and combat-oriented training. The fighter has conducted missions around the East China Sea, South China Sea and Taiwan Strait, operating in different airspace, weather and electromagnetic conditions. Military expert Song Zhongping described the development of the J-20 into a family of aircraft as an important step for China's fifth-generation fighter programme. He highlighted the J-20S as a notable innovation and said future upgrades would focus on intelligent systems and combat performance. The J-20 first flew in 2011 and made its public debut in 2016. Its development into multiple variants reflects China's efforts to expand its stealth fighter capabilities and integrate the aircraft into a wider combat network.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-01 16:14:15
Space & Technology
MOSCOW, — Russia has lost a second satellite from its developing Rassvet broadband constellation after the spacecraft reentered Earth's atmosphere and burned up on October 30, according to satellite tracking data. The satellite, Rassvet-3 No. 17, was launched on July 19, 2026, from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome aboard a Soyuz-2.1b rocket. It was part of a batch of 16 satellites developed by Russian aerospace company Bureau 1440. Tracking data showed that the satellite failed to activate its onboard propulsion system to raise its orbit after deployment. Atmospheric drag gradually reduced its altitude, leading to its reentry after approximately three months and 11 days in orbit. Second Satellite Lost After Orbit-Raising Failure The latest incident follows the loss of Rassvet-3 No. 4, which was launched on March 23, 2026, as part of the constellation's first batch of 16 satellites. It reentered Earth's atmosphere on June 6 after failing to perform its planned orbit-raising manoeuvres. Rassvet satellites are initially deployed into an orbit of approximately 300 kilometers and are designed to use onboard thrusters to reach an operational altitude of around 500 kilometers. Following the latest loss, approximately 30 Rassvet-3 satellites remain in orbit. Most have reached or are approaching an altitude of about 500 kilometers. Another satellite from the second batch, Rassvet-3 No. 23, had dropped to approximately 220 kilometers before resuming orbit-raising manoeuvres in late October. Tracking data showed it climbing past 290 kilometers by the end of the month. Russia Developing Its Own Starlink Alternative Bureau 1440 is developing the Rassvet low-Earth orbit satellite constellation to provide broadband connectivity across remote regions of Russia and reduce dependence on foreign communications infrastructure, including SpaceX's Starlink network. The system is also intended to support military communications needs, with Ukraine raising concerns about its potential military applications. Bureau 1440 recently revealed its production-ready 1440.ULTRA user terminal, which the company says is weather-resistant and capable of delivering data speeds of up to 700 Mbps. Commercial Service Planned for 2027 Russia has launched two batches of 16 production satellites in 2026. The country plans to expand the constellation to 250 satellites by 2027 to begin commercial operations, with a long-term target of approximately 900 satellites by 2035. The repeated loss of satellites due to orbit-raising failures highlights the technical challenges facing Bureau 1440 as Russia develops its domestic broadband network. The Rassvet project remains in its early deployment phase as Russia seeks to establish a satellite communications system capable of providing connectivity across the country.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-01 16:07:24
World
KYIV — Ukraine struck Russia’s Novokuibyshevsk oil refinery in Samara Oblast on October 30, contradicting reports that Kyiv had agreed to suspend attacks on Russian energy infrastructure following pressure from the Trump administration. The Wall Street Journal reported on October 29 that Ukraine had informally paused refinery strikes until after the November 3 US midterm elections. However, Ukrainian officials told The Kyiv Independent that no halt had been ordered. US envoy Jared Kushner had reportedly proposed a 30-day pause, but Kyiv did not accept it. US Intelligence Sharing Continues Despite public criticism from Washington, a US official reportedly described the administration’s private response to Ukraine’s refinery strikes as a “shrug.” The CIA continues to share intelligence on Russian air defense locations, helping Ukrainian forces conduct long-range drone operations inside Russia. The October 30 attack on the Rosneft-operated Novokuibyshevsk refinery, which has an annual processing capacity of 8.8 million metric tons, was carried out using Ukrainian-made FP-1 loitering munitions. Their manufacturer, Fire Point, acknowledged the operation on social media. Reports said one targeted unit was involved in diesel fuel hydrotreating. Russian Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak confirmed attacks on three oil refineries and one gas-chemical complex on October 30. He claimed the damage was minor and that air defense systems were active. Russian Strikes on Ukrainian Cities The refinery attacks followed deadly Russian strikes on Ukrainian civilian areas. A Russian jet-powered drone hit a railway station platform in Dnipro on October 29, killing 15 people and injuring at least 14. A cruise missile strike in Chernihiv killed two 15-year-old girls and wounded 13 others. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said every Russian strike on Ukrainian cities receives a “fully justified response,” without directly claiming responsibility for the refinery attack. He had earlier stated that Ukrainian forces were being careful but had received no order to pause operations. Previous Energy Truce and Further Attacks The only confirmed pause in Ukraine’s refinery campaign followed US President Donald Trump’s October 11 announcement of an “energy truce.” Ukraine halted attacks for approximately 72 hours. Russia subsequently struck Kharkiv’s CHP-5 thermal power plant with a cruise missile. Neither Kyiv nor Moscow had been consulted before the announcement. Ukrainian drones later targeted refineries in Ufa and Kstovo. The Lukoil-operated Kstovo refinery, with an annual processing capacity of approximately 17 million metric tons, was hit overnight into November 1. According to analyses cited in the reports, the three refineries attacked since late October account for roughly 10% of Russia’s refining capacity and more than 10% of its diesel production. Ukrainian officials have indicated that attacks on Russian oil infrastructure will continue, although Kyiv may avoid publicly claiming responsibility for every operation to reduce friction with the Trump administration. Ukraine’s campaign has also contributed to lower Russian refining output and domestic fuel shortages in recent months.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-01 15:48:53
World
MELBOURNE — Australia's historic Williamstown shipyard, which built all 10 ANZAC-class frigates for the Royal Australian Navy and Royal New Zealand Navy, is under contract for sale to EMKC³, an Australian property development and funds management company partly owned by Hong Kong-based EMKC Group. The deal has raised concerns over Australia's remaining naval shipbuilding infrastructure and national security. The 16.8-hectare facility, located near the entrance to the Port of Melbourne, was offered for sale in 2024 with an estimated value of up to A$200 million. EMKC³ senior development manager Felicity Richardson confirmed the contract, saying the company is consulting stakeholders on future uses. The final sale price has not been disclosed, and the transaction is understood to be proceeding without Foreign Investment Review Board scrutiny. Security Concerns and Future Plans The buyer's Hong Kong connection has drawn attention because China's national security and intelligence laws can require organisations operating in Hong Kong to cooperate with Chinese intelligence agencies. Opposition defence spokesman James Paterson raised concerns about losing the facility, highlighting Australia's continuing need for domestic naval shipbuilding capacity and the shipyard's heritage value. Michael Shoebridge, director of Strategic Analysis Australia, criticised the sale as a "strategic failure in decision making by governments, federal and state". EMKC³ has proposed transforming the waterfront site into a productive commercial asset, potentially including a waterfront promenade, green spaces, residential and retail facilities, alongside light industry. Victorian planning rules require the site to retain industrial and marine engineering uses. Shipbuilding Legacy and Australia's Naval Transition Established in 1858, Williamstown built all 10 ANZAC-class frigates. After BAE Systems Australia acquired the site in 2008, it also manufactured the superstructures and completed the internal fit-outs of the two Canberra-class amphibious assault ships, HMAS Canberra and HMAS Adelaide. The yard has not completed a large vessel since 2016, leading to significant workforce layoffs as major shipbuilding operations ended. The sale comes as Australia phases out its ageing ANZAC-class frigates and plans to acquire 11 Japanese-designed New FFM multi-purpose frigates, with eight expected to be built domestically. The government is also investing in specialised facilities for the SSN-AUKUS nuclear-powered submarine programme. BAE Systems Australia has confirmed the sale process is underway but declined further comment until completion. The shipyard's future industrial and marine engineering use remains under discussion.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-01 15:24:55
World
TEHRAN, — Iran has designated the British Royal Navy and Royal Air Force as terrorist organizations and classified the UK's foreign intelligence service, MI6, as a “hostile group,” the Iranian Foreign Ministry announced on Sunday. The measures took effect immediately following a resolution approved by Iran's Supreme National Security Council. According to the state-run IRNA news agency, Tehran said the decision was a response to Britain's alleged involvement in recent US-Israeli military operations against Iran, including providing access to military bases and logistical facilities under British jurisdiction. Iran also cited the UK's decision on July 13, 2026, to designate the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) under the National Security (State Threats) Act 2026. Legal Basis for the Designations Iran classified MI6 as a hostile group under its law on espionage and cooperation with Israel and other countries considered hostile to Iranian national security. The ministry said individuals accused of assisting MI6 could face prosecution under Iranian criminal law. The Royal Navy and Royal Air Force were designated under a separate Iranian law introduced in response to the United States' designation of the IRGC as a terrorist organization. Iran Warns UK Over Consequences The Iranian Foreign Ministry accused Britain of violating the UN Charter and international law, particularly principles concerning national sovereignty and non-interference. Tehran said the measures were lawful under the principle of reciprocity and necessary to protect its national security and interests. Iran warned that the British government would bear full responsibility for any consequences arising from the designations. The announcement follows Iran's February 2026 decision to designate the naval and air forces of European Union member states as terrorist organizations after the EU listed the IRGC. The UK government had not issued a public response to Iran's latest decision as of Sunday.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-01 14:47:12
World
THE HAGUE, — The Netherlands plans to acquire additional CV90 infantry fighting vehicles, new bridge-laying tanks and armoured support vehicles to strengthen its army for a potential large-scale conflict. State Secretary for Defence Derk Boswijk informed parliament of the planned acquisitions on October 26. The equipment will primarily support the army’s heavy and medium infantry brigades. The programme includes combat vehicles, engineering systems, armoured support vehicles and heavy recovery platforms, with Dutch companies handling part of the assembly and maintenance. New CV90 Battalion and €1.3 Billion Procurement The Netherlands will acquire additional CV90 infantry fighting vehicles from BAE Systems Hägglunds through a Swedish-led joint procurement initiative involving Finland, Lithuania, Norway and Sweden. The vehicles will equip a new armoured infantry battalion at the Nassau-Dietz barracks in Budel. The project has a budget of approximately €1.3 billion at 2026 prices, covering vehicles, initial spares, maintenance packages, ammunition and communications equipment. Contract terms have been agreed, with national commitments expected in November, subject to parliamentary approval. The joint programme aims to accelerate deliveries and improve interoperability. The Netherlands already operates CV90s undergoing a mid-life upgrade. Kodiak Replacement and New Bridge-Laying Tanks The Dutch Army will replace its Leopard 2-based AEV 3 Kodiak engineering vehicles, which have insufficient protection against modern and future threats. Frequent breakdowns have also reduced their availability for clearing defensive lines, minefields, walls and other obstacles. The Netherlands will also acquire additional bridge-laying tanks to create temporary water crossings. It is expected to join a German procurement contract for the modern Leguan bridge-layer, with Germany scheduled to sign an agreement in the first quarter of 2027. FFG to Supply Support and Recovery Vehicles Germany’s Flensburger Fahrzeugbau Gesellschaft (FFG) will supply Armoured Combat Support Vehicles (ACSVs) and Wisent-2 heavy recovery vehicles. The ACSV fleet will include ambulance, command post, minelayer and driver-training variants. Norway already operates the platform. The Wisent-2, based on the Leopard 2 chassis, will recover stranded or damaged military equipment under armoured protection. Dutch Industry to Handle Assembly and Maintenance Van Halteren Technologies will conduct final assembly and maintenance of the ACSV and Wisent-2 vehicles in the Netherlands. KONI Nederland and Neways Electronics will supply components, while Avient Protective Materials will provide high-performance fibres for the ACSV’s ballistic protection systems. The cooperation is expected to support Dutch and European defence industry. The Netherlands has not disclosed the exact vehicle quantities or delivery schedules, citing operational and commercial reasons.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-01 13:37:37
World
KYIV, Ukraine — Ukraine's FP-7 short-range ballistic missile is currently too expensive for widespread use with a conventional warhead, according to its manufacturer, Fire Point. The company says a cluster-warhead version could improve the missile's cost-effectiveness. Denys Shtilerman, Fire Point's co-founder and chief designer, said delivering a 200-kilogram payload over 300 kilometres with the FP-7 costs around $600,000. The company's FP-2 strike drone can deliver a similar payload for approximately $50,000. Shtilerman said one FP-7 launch costs as much as 12 to 16 FP-2 drone strikes. He argued that using the missile for routine attacks with a conventional high-explosive warhead makes little economic sense. Cluster Warhead Could Change FP-7 Economics The FP-7 was developed as a domestically produced, lower-cost alternative to the American ATACMS ballistic missile. The solid-fuel missile can reach speeds of 1,500 metres per second and has a reported accuracy margin of around 14 metres. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy announced the missile's first successful combat use on October 1, 2026. Shtilerman explained that ballistic missiles require strong casings to withstand launch and flight stresses. This reduces the amount of conventional explosive material they can carry. He said mass deployment of the FP-7 would become more economically viable after a cluster-munition warhead is integrated into the system. A cluster warhead releases multiple smaller bomblets over a wider area, allowing attacks against dispersed targets. Fire Point considers this configuration more suitable for widespread use than the current conventional warhead. FP-7 Retains Value Against Time-Sensitive Targets Despite its high cost, the FP-7 is not being abandoned. Its high speed gives it an advantage against targets that may relocate before a strike drone arrives. Fire Point CEO Iryna Terekh has highlighted the missile's potential against time-sensitive targets, including Russian Iskander missile launchers, which could be struck before they have time to move. Fire Point Advances FP-9 and Flamingo Missile Fire Point is also expanding its missile portfolio. The company is conducting final tests on the longer-range FP-9 ballistic missile, which Shtilerman expects to enter combat use in the near future. The company has also confirmed that production of its FP-5 Flamingo cruise missile is increasing, following public scrutiny and speculation about the programme. Meanwhile, the FP-7.X interceptor variant remains a foundational component of the upcoming Freyja European anti-ballistic shield project. The company's assessment highlights the cost difference between ballistic missiles and strike drones. While the FP-7 offers speed for urgent targets, Fire Point sees a cluster-warhead configuration as a more economical option for wider deployment.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-01 13:16:49
World
SEVEROMORSK — The Russian Navy has decided against modernizing its nuclear-powered Kirov-class battlecruiser Pyotr Velikiy due to its deteriorating condition and the high cost of repairs. A special commission has reached a preliminary decision that the ship is no longer suitable for restoration, although its final status remains undecided. Vladimir Maltsev, head of the All-Russian Movement in Support of the Fleet, confirmed the findings to TASS. The cruiser has been out of active service at Severomorsk since autumn 2022. Modernization Costs and Planned Upgrades The decision follows the prolonged modernization of its sister ship, Admiral Nakhimov. Originally expected to be completed around 2018, the overhaul was delayed until 2026 and cost more than 200 billion rubles, with estimates reaching approximately $5 billion. The project absorbed resources originally intended for Pyotr Velikiy. The planned 1144.2M upgrade would have replaced the ship's 20 P-700 Granit anti-ship missiles with 80 universal vertical launch cells for Zircon, Oniks and Kalibr missiles. Its S-300FM air-defense system would have been replaced with up to 96 S-400 missiles. The cruiser already received several upgrades during its service, including the S-300FM system with 48N6 missiles, Tomb Stone guidance radar, up to 128 Kinzhal short-range surface-to-air missiles and six Kortik close-in weapon systems. Russia's Shrinking Surface Fleet During approximately 25 years of active service, Pyotr Velikiy conducted long-range deployments, military exercises and operations in the Mediterranean Sea in support of Russia's intervention in Syria. The other Kirov-class cruisers, Admiral Ushakov and Admiral Lazarev, have been decommissioned. If Pyotr Velikiy is not restored, Admiral Nakhimov will become the class's only operational nuclear-powered cruiser. Russia's surface fleet has also lost the Slava-class cruiser Moskva during the war in Ukraine, while modernization of its sole aircraft carrier, Admiral Kuznetsov, was paused in 2025. The aging Udaloy-class destroyers, now around 35 to 40 years old, are also facing modernization challenges. Only three have been completed or are undergoing upgrades to the Marshal Shaposhnikov standard. Russian Navy Shifts Toward Submarines Russia is increasingly relying on Admiral Gorshkov-class frigates and Steregushchiy-class and Gremyashchiy-class corvettes as the cost of maintaining heavy cruisers and destroyers rises. The Navy is prioritizing its submarine fleet, including Borei-class ballistic missile submarines and Yasen-class cruise missile submarines. It also continues to operate older Akula, Sierra, Delta-IV and Oscar-class submarines, alongside special-mission submarines. The final decision on Pyotr Velikiy has not been announced. The commission's preliminary findings indicate that the cruiser is unlikely to receive the extensive modernization originally planned.
Read More → Posted on 2026-11-01 13:01:02Search
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