World
On Monday, Donald Trump signed a sweeping Executive Order launching what his administration is calling the “Genesis Mission” — a major national initiative to marshal the talents of U.S. scientists and engineers, advanced computing and artificial intelligence (AI) in the name of renewed global scientific leadership. The plan is being likened by top officials to pivotal past efforts such as the Manhattan Project of World War II and the Apollo Program that took Americans to the Moon. As Chris Wright, Secretary of the United States Department of Energy (DOE), put it: “With this pen today, President Trump signed an historic mission … reminiscent of the Manhattan Project … similar to the Apollo projects that put a man on the moon in 1969.” His remarks are part of a broader message: this is an all-in national effort to pair the world-class scientists and engineers of U.S. national laboratories, universities and private industry with supercomputers and AI platforms to compete globally. Scale, Scope & Ambition According to the DOE’s description, the Genesis Mission will engage around 40,000 scientists, engineers and technical staff at the DOE’s 17 national labs, along with industry and academic partners. A central pillar of the initiative is the creation of a new platform dubbed the “American Science and Security Platform,” which will integrate supercomputing, AI, massive federal datasets and experimental infrastructure. “The Genesis Mission will transform American science and innovation through the AI computing revolution,” the DOE statement says, noting that the effort aims to double the productivity and impact of American science and engineering within a decade. What It Will Do – And Why Now The Executive Order tasks the DOE, in coordination with other agencies such as NSF, NIST and NIH, to marshal resources, data and infrastructure to advance breakthroughs in three priority areas: Energy dominance: Use AI and high-performance computing to accelerate next-generation nuclear, fusion energy and grid modernization. Discovery science: Empower scientists to use AI-driven experiments, simulations and data analysis in fields such as materials science, biology, high-energy physics. National security: Develop advanced AI techniques for protecting critical infrastructure, enhancing the U.S. nuclear deterrent, building advanced materials. The White House says this mobilization is necessary because America’s scientific edge is under pressure — fewer new drug approvals, declining research output, and increasing international competition in areas like AI and quantum computing. In the words of White House science adviser Michael Kratsios: “The Genesis Mission will use AI to automate experiment design … shortening discovery timelines from years to days or even hours.” Funding, Partners & Infrastructure While the initiative is ambitious in scope, questions remain about funding, though existing legislation is cited as a basis. Private-sector technology firms are expected to play a major role. Companies such as Nvidia, Dell, AMD and HPE have been mentioned as potential partners. The DOE is tasked with identifying computing, storage and networking resources for the platform, ensuring cybersecurity compliance, and selecting initial model and data assets for the mission. Impacts on Energy Costs, Economy & Society Secretary Wright emphasised that one of the mission’s goals is to “fix rising energy costs” by deploying AI-enhanced energy technologies and modernizing the electrical grid. “We’re going to stop the rise of the price of energy,” he said. From an economic perspective, the administration views the initiative as a way to create high-tech jobs, improve competitiveness, and enable longer and healthier lives through accelerated research. By explicitly comparing the Genesis Mission to the Manhattan Project and the Apollo Program, the administration is casting this as a “wartime-scale” mobilization. The White House fact sheet mentions “the largest marshalling of federal scientific resources since the Apollo program.” Considerations, Challenges & Outlook Analysts note challenges ahead: securing long-term funding, balancing open scientific collaboration with national security, managing soaring computing-energy demands, and ensuring the workforce of 40,000 is fully mobilised. It remains to be seen how quickly the systems will translate into breakthroughs, but the initiative marks a bold shift in U.S. strategy in the global AI race. What’s Next The Genesis Mission is expected to unfold through several major steps. The Department of Energy will begin by choosing the first wave of data sets, supercomputing assets, and AI model frameworks that will anchor the initiative. Alongside this, the administration plans to deepen its collaboration with private-sector technology firms that can supply cutting-edge computing power and AI capabilities. Officials will also outline a set of scientific challenge portfolios, essentially mapping out the priority problems the program aims to solve. All of this will take place under the supervision of the president’s top science and technology adviser, who will coordinate efforts across agencies. With the signing of the order, President Trump has effectively launched the Genesis Mission—a national push that his administration believes will redefine America’s scientific and technological trajectory.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-25 12:46:47
World
Israel’s Mossad intelligence service says it has helped uncover and disrupt what it describes as a “significant Hamas terrorist infrastructure” embedded across several European countries, reigniting debate over how Palestinian militant networks operate on the continent and what future security challenges Europe may face. According to statements released via Israel’s Prime Minister’s Office and briefings to international media, Mossad worked with security and law-enforcement agencies in Germany, Austria and other European states to expose operational cells, seize weapons and arrest suspects allegedly preparing attacks against Israeli and Jewish targets in Europe. Israeli officials say the network was designed to be activated “on command” by Hamas leadership abroad — a shift from the group’s historically local focus in Israel, the West Bank and Gaza to more structured plotting on European soil. Weapons Caches and “Sleeper” Cells Several recent cases underpin Mossad’s claims: In Vienna, Austrian security services uncovered a weapons cache – including handguns and magazines – that investigators say was linked to Hamas and intended for possible attacks on Jewish or Israeli targets. In Germany, four alleged Hamas members are on trial in Berlin, accused of helping locate old weapons depots and build new caches around Europe so that militants could access them quickly for attacks on Israeli or Jewish sites. Earlier operations in Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands saw the arrest of several suspects accused of planning attacks on Jewish institutions across borders; German prosecutors said at least some of the detainees were believed to be long-standing Hamas members with links to the group’s armed wing. Mossad officials have reportedly dubbed the network the “Hamas octopus” — a web of small, compartmentalised cells, weapons hideouts and logistics channels distributed across multiple states, designed to remain dormant for long periods and strike when ordered. How Hamas Is Alleged to Operate Inside Europe Counter-terror analysts say the picture emerging from recent investigations suggests a multi-layered system rather than a large, visible organisation. Small, covert cellsSuspected operatives in Europe often live relatively low-profile lives, sometimes as students, asylum seekers, long-term residents or naturalised citizens. They may not be involved in overt violence but are allegedly tasked with scouting targets, storing weapons, or providing safe houses and logistics. External leadership and directionMossad claims the plots disrupted in recent months were planned or green-lit abroad, with operatives guided by senior Hamas figures based in Qatar and possibly Turkey, who coordinated funding and strategy. Use of pre-positioned arms and “emergency” depotsThe Berlin trial centres on allegations that weapons were hidden years ago across Europe, with newer caches added more recently. Prosecutors say the goal was to ensure that, if Hamas decided to attack, weapons could be accessed quickly without crossing heavily monitored borders. Financing, charities and front organisationsEuropol and national security agencies have long warned that parts of the Hamas network in Europe focus on fundraising and logistical support, sometimes via charities or informal money-transfer systems. Authorities allege that a portion of this money can feed both social-welfare projects tied to Hamas and its armed activities. Online propaganda and recruitmentEuropean counter-terrorism reports describe a persistent online ecosystem that spreads Hamas-aligned narratives, glorifies attacks in Israel and Gaza, and may encourage radicalised individuals in Europe to support or assist the group, even if they never formally “join” it. What Hamas Wants – and Why Europe Cares The European Union, United States and several other governments designate Hamas as a terrorist organisation, citing its long record of suicide bombings, rocket attacks and the 7 October 2023 massacre in southern Israel. Hamas, which controls Gaza, rejects Israel’s legitimacy and seeks political power over Palestinian territories under its own leadership and ideology. For European governments, the concern is twofold: That Hamas external networks could be used to strike Jewish communities, Israeli targets or diplomatic facilities in Europe, either as retaliation in the Gaza war or as leverage in wider regional struggles. That the group’s political goal of consolidating control over Palestinian territories under its rule may drive more aggressive operations abroad — especially if it sees pressure from regional rivals or internal Palestinian factions as a threat to its power base. Mossad’s latest disclosures are framed by Israel as proof that Hamas is trying to extend its “axis of conflict” beyond the Middle East, while European officials are more cautious in public but have acknowledged a heightened risk to Jewish and Israeli sites since October 2023. A Growing Security Challenge for Europe Even before Mossad’s latest announcement, Europe’s counter-terrorism community had been warning of a more complex, crowded threat landscape. Increased targeting of Jewish communitiesArrests in Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands and Austria all relate to plots allegedly aimed at synagogues, Jewish organisations or Israeli diplomatic premises. Authorities fear that these institutions will remain priority targets, forcing long-term investment in hard security, surveillance and community protection. Foreign intelligence and proxy conflicts on European soilIn parallel with Hamas-related cases, European services are investigating Iranian intelligence operations accused of scouting Jewish or Israeli targets — underlining concerns that Middle Eastern conflicts are increasingly projected into Europe via proxy networks. Digital radicalisation and lone-actor risksEuropol’s latest TE-SAT terrorism report notes that online propaganda can quickly inspire individuals who have no direct organisational link to groups like Hamas to commit violence in solidarity. This “lone actor” risk is difficult to detect early, because many of these individuals use encrypted apps and fringe platforms that are hard to monitor. Balancing civil liberties and surveillanceExpanding monitoring of diaspora communities, religious organisations and charities carries the risk of politicisation and community backlash. European governments face a delicate balancing act: stepping up intelligence cooperation and legal tools against terrorism while protecting lawful political activism and freedom of expression. Border control and weapons traffickingThe alleged use of long-term weapons caches in Austria and elsewhere highlights the challenge of tracking illicit arms flows across Europe’s open internal borders. Authorities say future policy will likely focus on better tracing of firearms, more intrusive checks on suspected smuggling routes, and deeper intelligence sharing between national police forces. European and Israeli Responses Across Europe, governments appear deeply unsettled by what Mossad has revealed, even if they continue to keep many operational details behind closed doors. German officials, for instance, openly acknowledge that Jewish communities across the country are facing “serious and ongoing threats,” prompting Berlin to pour more resources into securing synagogues, schools and cultural centres. Their message is unmistakable: the threat environment has shifted, and Germany is preparing for a prolonged challenge. Elsewhere, countries like Denmark, the Netherlands and Austria emphasise that without close intelligence cooperation — both within the EU and directly with Israel — these alleged Hamas networks might never have been exposed. For them, the recent arrests highlight that Europe’s security now relies heavily on deep, strategically vital partnerships that extend far beyond the continent’s borders. Israel, meanwhile, frames the entire operation as part of its broader and “uncompromising struggle” against Hamas. From Jerusalem’s viewpoint, preventing Hamas from establishing a new operational front in Europe is not just a defensive posture — it is an extension of the ongoing conflict in Gaza, now taking shape within European intelligence and diplomatic corridors. Yet this more assertive approach has sparked debate. Human-rights organisations and several European lawmakers warn that intensifying counter-terrorism measures can unintentionally cast unfair suspicion on Muslim or Palestinian communities, the vast majority of whom reject extremism. They caution that while confronting terrorism is essential, governments must avoid deepening social divides or fuelling Islamophobia at a moment when many communities already feel vulnerable. An Evolving Threat, Not a New One Security experts note that Hamas has tried and failed to carry out attacks abroad in the past, with plots in Europe and elsewhere generally thwarted before execution. What is new, they argue, is the scale and visibility of recent crackdowns and the explicit public role Mossad is taking in describing the threat. Whether the latest raids mark the dismantling of a major network or simply the exposure of one layer in a deeper infrastructure remains unclear. But for Europe’s security services, the message is blunt: as long as Hamas seeks to project power beyond Gaza and Israel, European soil will remain a potential arena — and defending it will demand years of patient intelligence work, political coordination and community resilience.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-25 12:26:56
India
The Indian Army has begun a detailed evaluation of Germany’s Sky Shield next-generation short-range air defence (SHORAD) system, looking to plug a critical gap against drone swarms, cruise missiles, helicopters and low-flying fighter aircraft around high-value military and strategic assets. The system – essentially the Oerlikon Skyshield / Skynex family from Rheinmetall – combines a high-rate 35 mm gun, AHEAD programmable ammunition, a 50 km-class radar, and the Skymaster battle management system (BMS), with the added possibility of integration into India’s existing Akash-NG and QRSAM surface-to-air missile network. Indian industry sources indicate that talks are centred on a minimum 60% indigenization level, with Tata Advanced Systems and BEML emerging as potential prime manufacturing partners for local assembly, integration and life-cycle support. If concluded, the deal would give India a proven, cannon-based anti-drone shield while keeping most of the value chain within the country under Make in India. What Exactly Is ‘Sky Shield’? The system the Army is looking at is part of Rheinmetall’s Skyshield / Skynex family – a modular, lightweight SHORAD system originally developed by Oerlikon Contraves (now Rheinmetall Air Defence). Skyshield was conceived as the successor to the older Skyguard system, with roles ranging from classic anti-aircraft defence to counter-rocket, artillery and mortar (C-RAM) missions. At its core, a typical Skyshield / Skynex fire unit combines: 35 mm Revolver Gun (Mk2 / Mk3) firing up to 1,000 rounds per minute X-TAR3D X-band tactical acquisition radar, with instrumented ranges of 25, 35 or 50 km depending on configuration A command node running Oerlikon Skymaster BMS (also known as CN-1 in Skynex batteries), which fuses sensor data and assigns targets Optional add-ons such as missile launchers, additional radars, or even high-energy lasers in the latest Skynex architecture India’s “Sky Shield Next-Gen SHORAD” references this ecosystem: the gun-based Skyshield 35/1000 effectors controlled and networked through the newer Skynex/Skymaster architecture, giving a flexible, plug-and-play air-defence layer around airbases, ammunition depots, command posts and critical infrastructure. How the System Works: From Detection to Kill The concept is straightforward: use relatively cheap gun rounds with smart fuzes to kill expensive or numerous aerial threats before they reach the target. Detection and trackingA 3D X-TAR3D radar scans airspace out to roughly 50 km, detecting and tracking low-flying fighters, helicopters, drones, loitering munitions and incoming cruise missiles. The radar feeds a local air picture into the Skymaster BMS, which can also ingest feeds from other radars and sensors in the wider integrated air defence network. Battle management and engagement decisionWithin Skymaster, operators (or automated algorithms) prioritise threats, assign them to individual guns or missile launchers, and coordinate engagements to avoid overlap. The system is designed to handle saturation and swarm attacks, a key concern for India given the proliferation of small, cheap drones in the region. Gun and AHEAD ammunition effectorsThe Oerlikon 35 mm Revolver Gun Mk3 is an unmanned, remotely operated gun mount. It combines a 35 mm revolver cannon, its own tracking radar and electro-optical sensor unit, and a fire-control computer on a single platform. The gun can fire 1,000 rounds per minute, has 252 ready-to-fire rounds, and supports a rapid single-shot mode when precise, low-volume fire is needed. The real killer is the AHEAD programmable air-burst ammunition. Each round is programmed in flight to burst just ahead of the target, releasing a cloud of dense sub-projectiles that create a lethal wall. This is particularly effective against small drones, cruise missiles and guided munitions, where a direct hit is difficult but fragment density is decisive. Ultra-short reaction timeIn the classic Skyshield 35/1000 configuration, reaction time from detection to firing can be under 4.5 seconds, allowing the system to defeat fast, low-flying threats and even perform a C-RAM role against rockets and artillery shells. In Indian service, the system could sit as an inner gun layer underneath Akash-NG and QRSAM, which provide medium-range missile protection against aircraft and larger missiles. QRSAM has already undergone user evaluation trials with the Army as an indigenous quick-reaction system. Configuration: How Many Parts, What Does a Battery Look Like? While configurations can be customised, a typical Skynex / Skyshield-based battery – and likely what India is evaluating – would include: One Skymaster-equipped command node (CN-1): the brain of the system, hosting the battle management software and controlling multiple effectors and sensors. One primary 3D X-TAR3D acquisition radar, with 25–50 km range modes depending on mission. Four 35 mm Revolver Gun Mk3 mounts, each with its own tracking radar and EO/IR sensors, typically mounted on 6×6 trucks or trailers, providing the actual firepower and forming the effector layer. Communication links to higher-level air defence command and any outer-layer missile systems (such as Akash-NG and QRSAM) that India may wish to pair. Optional effectors like missile launchers (e.g., SkyKnight) or high-energy lasers, which the architecture is already designed to host for future growth. In India’s case, much of this hardware could be locally produced or assembled: guns and turrets under licence, locally fabricated chassis from BEML, indigenous communication and C2 interfaces, and possibly Indian-made radars if the Army chooses to mix and match. How Many Countries Operate Skyshield / Skynex Today? Although the Indian evaluation is new, the Skyshield / Skynex family is already in use with several countries, giving the system a meaningful operational pedigree: Indonesia operates Skyshield gun systems, having first acquired four units and then ordering eleven more in a follow-on batch. South Africa uses Skyshield fire control units and AHEAD ammunition to modernise its legacy twin-gun SHORAD systems. Qatar quietly procured the Skynex architecture, with at least eight Revolver Gun Mk3s and one X-TAR3D radar shown in Qatari Ministry of Defence footage. Ukraine has received two Skynex systems from Germany, which have been used in combat to protect against drones and other air threats during the ongoing war. Italy became the first NATO country to formally order Skynex with the 35 mm Mk3 cannon in January 2025. Romania has also opted for Skynex as its C-RAM / SHORAD architecture, pairing it with its existing GDF-009 twin guns. Counting these, the Skyshield / Skynex family is fielded or on order in at least six named countries – Indonesia, South Africa, Qatar, Ukraine, Italy and Romania – plus at least one undisclosed European customer for additional Skynex batteries. India would therefore be joining a small but growing club of operators using Rheinmetall’s cannon-based SHORAD systems, with the advantage of drawing lessons from combat usage in Ukraine and network-centric deployments in Qatar and Italy. Indigenization, Tata/BEML and the Make in India Angle The requirement for 60% or more indigenization is central to the Army’s evaluation. Under the emerging proposal, Tata Advanced Systems could become lead integrator for the guns, turrets, and command systems, while BEML – already a major producer of military trucks and chassis – is a natural fit for vehicle platforms and mechanical integration. Local partners could also contribute Indian-made: Command and control software linkages to existing IACCS and Army air-defence networks Electronics, power systems and shelters Maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) facilities for the guns, sensors and radars If structured correctly, the project would not just give the Army a new SHORAD layer, but also build up domestic expertise in programmable ammunition, fire-control, and radar-gun integration – all crucial technologies as India moves toward indigenous gun-based C-RAM and anti-drone systems. Why It Matters for India The evaluation of the Sky Shield / Skyshield–Skynex system comes at a time when regional adversaries are rapidly fielding drones, loitering munitions and precision rockets, making mass, cheap aerial threats the new norm. Missile systems like Akash-NG and QRSAM are effective, but expensive to use against large numbers of small drones. By employing relatively low-cost 35 mm AHEAD rounds guided by an advanced radar and BMS, the Indian Army could economically defeat swarms while preserving missiles for high-value targets. With proven users in six countries and ongoing combat validation in Ukraine, the German system offers India a fast-track route to credible, layered, point air defence – provided the indigenization and integration pieces fall into place.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-25 11:54:58
India
On 20 November 2025, at the Milipol Paris exhibition in Paris, India’s defence and aerospace company SMPP Limited (via its subsidiary SMPP Ammunition) formally entered into a teaming agreement with European land-systems leader KNDS (based in Amsterdam) to jointly offer the 155 mm precision-guided artillery ammunition family branded KATANA to the Indian armed forces. What the agreement covers Under the agreement, SMPP Ammunition and KNDS will work together to market, manufacture and supply the KATANA family of ammunition to the Indian Army — addressing its requirement for advanced 155 mm precision-guided rounds. The KATANA portfolio includes three variants: Ballistic Range (BR) — standard base precision guided capability. Extended Range (ER) — offering greater reach and standoff. High Precision (HP) — equipped with a semi-active laser seeker (future variant) for metric-level precision, along with a hybrid guidance system combining GNSS plus IMU to maintain accuracy across different terrains and operational conditions. The agreement emphasises “full-calibre” capability and addresses threats including armoured targets with decametric accuracy and fire-and-forget capability, improving effectiveness in urban and complex terrain. Strategic context and significance For SMPP, this marks a major step in its ammunition business. The company, founded in 1985 and headquartered in New Delhi, has built a profile in personnel protection, platform armouring, medium & large calibre ammunition and unmanned aerial systems. The teaming with KNDS allows SMPP to enter next-generation precision ammunition in collaboration with a European system integrator. For the Indian Army, the deal comes at a time when there is an acute requirement for modern 155 mm artillery systems and precision-guided ammunition, aligned with regional threat dynamics. The “Make in India” localisation push ensures improved supply-chain security, technology transfer and long-term indigenous capability development. KNDS (a merger of Germany’s Krauss-Maffei Wegmann and France’s Nexter Systems) brings strong artillery-ammunition credentials and gains access to India’s growing defence market. What comes next The partners will move into phases of design adaptation, localisation of manufacturing, certification, trials, and qualification to Indian Army standards. Production scale-up depends on procurement approval and budget decisions. The collaboration also opens opportunities for future exports of India-manufactured precision artillery rounds, subject to regulatory clearances. The High-Precision laser seeker variant will be a future capability upgrade. Broader implications The agreement strengthens India’s shift toward precision-guided munitions and deeper industrial collaboration with European defence majors. For the artillery domain, precision-guided 155 mm rounds like KATANA® offer major advantages: higher hit probability, reduced collateral damage, superior effectiveness in contested environments. The teaming agreement between SMPP Ammunition and KNDS for the KATANA 155 mm precision-guided artillery ammunition is a strategic milestone in India’s artillery modernisation and defence-industrial expansion. If fully realised, it may significantly enhance India’s domestic capability to produce and deploy advanced precision artillery ammunition, strengthening both national security and industrial depth.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 18:00:24
World
The U.S. Army has begun field trials of new robotic “tank killers” built around the lightweight, swarming FireAnt unmanned ground vehicle (UGV), developed by Arizona-based startup Swarmbotics AI. During recent exercises in Texas, the small ground robots were tested as part of a broader push to bring autonomous anti-armor systems into frontline formations. Testing robotic armor hunters in Texas From 27–29 October 2025, the Army’s Transformation and Training Command hosted the xTechOverwatch for Unmanned Systems event at the Bush Combat Development Center’s Innovation Proving Ground in Texas. The demonstration brought together around 40 industry and academic teams to run air and ground robots through realistic situational lanes and compete for follow-on integration with operational units. Among the systems that drew particular attention was FireAnt, a compact tracked/wheeled UGV built specifically to hunt heavy armor in groups. According to the Army and Swarmbotics AI, the trials examined how multiple FireAnts controlled by a single operator could move with friendly forces and mass effects against tanks and armored vehicles. The most promising teams from xTechOverwatch, including the FireAnt concept, are now slated to work with Army “Transformation in Contact” formations between 2026 and 2027, feeding directly into the service’s wider autonomy and robotics modernization effort. What is FireAnt? FireAnt is described by its maker as a “lightweight, attritable unmanned ground vehicle” designed to operate in swarms under the control of a single soldier. Its primary mission in the anti-tank role is to detect, track and engage heavy armor using low-cost payloads, trading cheap mass for survivability rather than relying on a small number of exquisite platforms. A former U.S. Army armored cavalry officer highlighted that a robot roughly the size of the 70-pound FireAnt hits a sweet spot: large enough for rough ground but small enough to remain below tank machine-gun arcs. Swarmbotics markets FireAnt as part of its ANTS (Attritable Networked Tactical Swarm) ecosystem. The platform is: Man-portable, allowing troops to carry or quickly deploy it from small vehicles. Modular, with a payload bay that can be reconfigured for different missions. Ruggedized and sealed to around IP67 level, with resistance to dust, heat, vibration and shock for harsh combat environments. While full performance data has not been released, FireAnt sits in a class of small UGVs that typically trade heavy armor for agility, low profile and low cost. Swarm autonomy and control At the heart of the concept is swarm autonomy. Swarmbotics says FireAnt’s architecture is built around: Coordinated behaviors across mixed teams and missions, allowing different robots in the swarm to divide tasks such as scouting, jamming and attack. Real-time tasking and data sharing, so each FireAnt can pass targeting and sensor information to the others and to human controllers. “Kill chain acceleration”, in which detection, identification and engagement of a target are compressed into seconds instead of minutes. To make integration easier, the UGV supports common robotic middlewares such as ROS 2 and JAUS, helping it plug into existing autonomy stacks and battlefield command-and-control tools. Swarmbotics sums up the doctrine in a marketing line now frequently quoted in coverage of the project: “One operator. Multiple robots. Infinite tactical advantage.” Payloads: from reconnaissance to tank killing The FireAnt platform is multi-mission, with the anti-tank role treated as one payload option among several. Company materials and reporting indicate that FireAnt can be configured for: Anti-armor attack, using low-cost, field-swappable warheads or effectors capable of damaging or disabling tanks and armored vehicles. Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR), using electro-optical/infrared sensors to scout ahead of manned units. Counter-UAS (C-UAS), potentially mounting sensors or launchers to disrupt or destroy hostile drones. Electronic warfare and data relay, acting as a forward node to extend communications or jam enemy systems. Because payloads can be changed in the field, the same basic robot chassis can be used as a sensor platform on one mission and an expendable anti-tank asset on the next, depending on what a unit needs. Part of a “mobile minefield” vision The Army’s interest in FireAnt fits into its broader concept of a “mobile minefield”: swarming expendable robots that can track, ambush, and block armored vehicles—a flexible evolution of scatterable mines. The Army is exploring a future family of consumable combat robots with ambitious goals such as 120 km ranges, 60 km/h speeds, and larger explosive payload options. FireAnt represents the early, tactical end of this emerging class. Why FireAnt matters For the U.S. Army, FireAnt’s field tests mark another step toward distributed, low-cost robotic systems that can deploy in numbers, accept higher risk and still deliver meaningful combat effects. Instead of relying on a single expensive anti-tank missile team or vehicle, a platoon could one day deploy dozens of expendable ground bots, each a smaller problem individually but a serious threat in aggregate. For Swarmbotics AI, the Texas trials and growing media attention solidify FireAnt’s position as one of the more visible entrants in the emerging class of small, anti-armor UGVs. If ongoing experimentation goes well and the Army decides to field such systems at scale, the unassuming 70-pound robot might become a key piece of how future forces hunt tanks from the ground, autonomously, and in swarms.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 17:50:25
World
Former U.S. President Donald Trump has intensified his criticism of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, issuing a sharp rebuke during remarks on Monday, where he questioned Ukraine’s ability to win the war and mocked Zelensky’s repeated appeals for Western weapons. Speaking at a political event, Trump said:“He is always looking to buy missiles. Look, when you start a war, you should know that you are capable of winning. Don’t start a war against someone twenty times bigger than you and then hope that people will give you some missiles.” The statement, delivered on Monday afternoon, immediately drew international attention and reignited concerns about the future of U.S. support for Ukraine. A Continuation of Trump’s Sharp Tone on Ukraine The Monday remarks were not an isolated moment. Trump has regularly criticized Zelensky throughout the past year, questioning the scale of Western military aid and warning that Ukraine’s use of long-range missiles risks “dangerous escalation.” He has accused Zelensky of being “constantly desperate for missiles” and has suggested that Zelensky bears partial responsibility for the war’s devastation — a claim strongly rejected by Kyiv and European leaders. U.S. and Europe’s Support to Ukraine According to multiple sources: The U.S. has committed approximately US $128 billion in direct aid to Ukraine, according to the Kiel Institute. From February 2022 to June 2025, the U.S. committed €114.64 billion (about US $134 billion) in total support. The U.S. has provided US $66.9 billion in military assistance alone since Russia’s full-scale invasion. The European Union and its 27 Member States have provided nearly US $197 billion in financial, military, humanitarian and refugee assistance. These figures underscore the massive scale of Western support to Kyiv — even as debates continue over the future of aid deliveries. Zelensky’s Response and Kyiv’s Position President Zelensky has not responded directly to Monday’s comments, but officials in Kyiv have expressed concern that Trump’s escalating rhetoric could weaken Washington’s commitment at a critical moment. Ukraine remains heavily reliant on Western air-defence systems, artillery ammunition and long-range strike weapons, all of which depend on continued U.S. and European backing. Ukrainian lawmakers reiterated that Russia launched the full-scale invasion, and that Ukraine is defending its sovereignty with the support of international partners. Political and Strategic Implications Trump’s latest statement — delivered just ahead of key U.S. congressional deliberations on Ukraine aid — comes at a time when American domestic support is wavering and Europe faces pressure to potentially fill future gaps. Some analysts warn that a reduction in U.S. aid could force European allies to significantly increase their own military assistance. European officials remain wary. While financial support is high, their industrial capacity is under strain, and questions remain about whether Europe can keep pace with Ukraine’s battlefield needs. Russia, meanwhile, has welcomed the remarks. State media portrayed Trump’s comments as evidence of “fractures in the U.S.–Ukraine alliance.” A Strained Relationship Growing More Public Monday’s outburst further highlights the deteriorating relationship between Trump and Zelensky. The two leaders have previously clashed over aid, battlefield strategy and Western involvement in the war. For Ukraine, the timing of Trump’s criticism could not be worse. Russian forces continue pushing across multiple fronts, and Kyiv remains deeply dependent on Western weapons and financial support. As the war enters another difficult phase and the flow of weapons becomes increasingly critical, Trump’s Monday remarks signal an increasingly uncertain future for one of Ukraine’s most vital alliances. The political and military consequences may unfold in Washington, Brussels and Kyiv in the months ahead.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 17:38:23
World
In a landmark step for the Hunter-class frigate programme, the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) and its industrial partners have successfully completed the Factory Acceptance Test (FAT) of the towed body and towed array handling systems for the advanced sonar suite destined for Australia’s future anti-submarine warfare capability. The testing took place at the Thales Defence Mission Systems facility in Brest, France, where representatives from Thales France, Thales UK, Thales Australia, and the RAN gathered. Testing Success Signals Confidence in System Readiness The FAT encompassed the towed body handling system (TBHS) and towed array handling system (TAHS), supported by associated auxiliary systems. Commander Roy Casson, representing the Naval Shipbuilding and Sustainment Group, said the systems “performed well in accordance with the detailed test procedures.” He praised the multinational Thales teams for their “diligent and rigorous oversight” in ensuring the product met its design intent. The successful FAT means the towed-system hardware is now cleared for export to Australia—scheduled for delivery in the first quarter of 2026—where it will be integrated into the Hunter-class frigates under the broader SEA 5000 shipbuilding programme. Sonar 2087 and CAPTAS-4: A Global, Advanced Undersea Capability At the heart of this milestone is the sonar suite designated Sonar 2087, a British-variant of the CAPTAS-4 towed-array sonar manufactured by Thales. The CAPTAS family is widely recognised as a world-leading variable-immersion towed sonar, offering combined active and passive detection and long-range undersea surveillance. Sonar 2087 integrates low-frequency active and passive towed arrays capable of detecting, locating and classifying modern submarines at distances up to 60 kilometres. The system also provides 360-degree situational awareness and real-time torpedo alerts—key capabilities for high-threat anti-submarine warfare (ASW) operations. Integration into the Hunter-Class: Strategic Significance for Australia The Hunter-class frigates, being built by BAE Systems Maritime Australia under the SEA 5000 programme, are explicitly designed with a strong ASW focus to counter next-generation submarine threats across the Indo-Pacific region. With the sonar suite’s handling systems now validated, the path is clear for the installation of the full Sonar 2087 package in Australia. This capability will sit alongside the vessels’ broader sensor and weapons suite, thereby significantly enhancing the frigates’ ability to detect, classify and engage underwater threats in deeper, contested waters. For Australia, this milestone strengthens both sovereign maritime industry capability and long-term undersea warfare preparedness. The integration of such advanced towed array technology positions the RAN to maintain acoustic superiority in an era of increasingly quiet and sophisticated submarines. What Happens Next Following the successful FAT in France, the next steps include: Delivery of the towed-array systems in early 2026 Integration of the sonar hardware into the frigates during their construction Sea trials to validate real-world sonar performance Continued work toward the Hunter-class entering service in the early 2030s Broader Context This milestone comes as global navies intensify investment in undersea warfare. Thales recently marked its 100th CAPTAS variable-immersion sonar order, underscoring the system’s worldwide demand. For the RAN and Australia’s defence sector, completing FAT early in the production cycle strengthens confidence in both the supply chain and the technical maturity of the sonar. It also reinforces Australia’s emerging role in building high-end naval systems. The passing of the FAT for the towed body and towed array handling systems marks a major step forward in equipping Australia’s future frigates with world-class anti-submarine warfare capability. As the Hunter-class programme advances, the integration of Sonar 2087 via CAPTAS-4 places Australia among the navies best positioned to meet evolving undersea threats. With delivery set for early 2026 and ship commissioning in the 2030s, the journey from Brest to Australia’s maritime front line is firmly underway.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 17:14:57
World
Türkiye’s growing push for a fully sovereign naval air-defence shield reached a decisive milestone this week, as Roketsan confirmed that its LEVENT close-in air-defence system successfully carried out its first seeker-guided live intercept against a real airborne target. The test, announced on the company’s official X account, represents the most concrete demonstration to date that LEVENT is transitioning from a development concept to a deployable capability for Turkish warships. The intercept test involved a full-profile engagement, with LEVENT’s onboard sensors detecting the target, handing it off to the missile’s hybrid seeker, and achieving a direct hit. Defence officials described the event as a “critical validation step” in Türkiye’s effort to field a layered maritime air-defence solution tailored for the Black Sea, Aegean, and Eastern Mediterranean, regions where drone swarms, stand-off munitions, and sea-skimming cruise missiles represent a growing operational threat. A New Pillar in Türkiye’s Naval Air-Defence Architecture The LEVENT system is being developed to sit inside Türkiye’s multi-tiered naval air-defence structure, complementing medium- and long-range missiles already in production. Its role forms the inner defensive ring—the last shield between an incoming weapon and the ship. For decades, this segment has been dominated by imported designs such as the US–German RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile (RAM) and, at longer ranges, MBDA’s Sea Ceptor (CAMM). LEVENT marks Türkiye’s intent to break dependence on these systems, avoiding export restrictions, foreign supply chains, and political constraints. Specifications and Capabilities of LEVENT Although Roketsan has not publicly released the full technical data sheet, open-source disclosures and defence-industry reporting provide a clear picture of the system’s profile: Key Specifications Effective Range: ~11 km Missile Type: National missile architecture derived from Türkiye’s MANPADS/SHORAD family Guidance: Hybrid seeker (imaging infrared + RF guidance components) for high accuracy against low-observable threats Radar/Sensor Integration: Designed to sync with shipborne combat management systems for rapid reaction Launcher Configuration: Vertical and inclined-launcher compatible, optimized for corvettes, frigates, and offshore patrol vessels Reaction Time: Rapid engagement cycle suitable for high-speed threats such as sea-skimming cruise missiles Targets: UAVs, subsonic anti-ship missiles, loitering munitions, helicopters, and fast attack craft Why the Test Matters The successful seeker-guided intercept demonstrates that LEVENT can: Detect, track, and destroy real airborne threats at operational ranges Engage agile, evasive targets, including small drones and complex missile trajectories Provide a larger defensive footprint compared with gun-based CIWS like Phalanx or Gokdeniz Integrate into layered defence alongside Türkiye’s SIPER and HISAR systems Positioning Between RAM and Sea Ceptor From a capability standpoint, LEVENT is emerging as a uniquely balanced option: Against RAM: RAM offers ~9–10 km range with dual-mode seekers, but remains US-German and subject to export controls. LEVENT adds ~11 km range, similar guidance capability, and full national ownership—an advantage for countries seeking independence from Western supply chains. Against Sea Ceptor (CAMM): Sea Ceptor extends out beyond 25 km, forming a medium-range area-defence layer. LEVENT slots below it, optimized for close-range, rapid-reaction intercepts, not long-range engagements. The system thus fills a critical operational gap—a missile-centric CIWS that is both sovereign and cost-efficient. Strategic Significance for Türkiye and Export Markets The geopolitical environment surrounding the Black Sea and eastern Mediterranean—defined by drone proliferation, saturation attacks, and contested maritime zones—has driven Ankara to accelerate domestic air-defence innovation. With the LEVENT project maturing, Türkiye aims to: Equip its I-class frigates, Hisar-class OPVs, and Ada-class corvettes with indigenous short-range missile defence Reduce reliance on foreign CIWS and RAM-type missiles Offer a competitive export product to navies that cannot acquire RAM or CAMM due to budget constraints or political restrictions Analysts note that countries in the Middle East, Asia, and Africa have already expressed interest in LEVENT as part of wider naval-modernisation packages involving Turkish-built vessels. Towards Operational Deployment at Sea Following the successful intercept, Roketsan will now push LEVENT toward its next stage of maturity at sea. The system will undergo trials in varying sea states to validate its stability and sensor performance in real maritime conditions. Engineers will also subject it to multi-target scenarios and saturation-attack profiles to assess how effectively it can manage simultaneous threats. Integration work with the Turkish Navy’s combat systems will continue in parallel, ensuring that LEVENT can operate seamlessly within existing and future command networks. If development stays on schedule, the system is expected to achieve full operational certification in the late 2020s, enabling installation on upcoming naval platforms and retrofitting onto vessels already in service. Long-Term Implications By proving that LEVENT can intercept a real airborne threat, Türkiye has taken a major step toward establishing a fully indigenous naval air-defence ecosystem. As drone warfare and precision-guided weapons continue to reshape maritime operations, the country’s ability to defend its fleets with locally developed systems is becoming not just a technological preference, but a strategic necessity. LEVENT’s progress signals that Türkiye is rapidly closing the gap with established Western CIWS manufacturers—and in some areas, carving out competitive advantages of its own.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 15:50:50
World
The U.S. Department of State has officially added the Venezuelan network Cartel de los Soles to its list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs), a decision published today in the U.S. Federal Register. The move marks a major escalation in Washington’s confrontation with the government of Nicolás Maduro and paves the way for expanded U.S. military authority against Venezuelan targets. According to U.S. officials, the cartel—comprised largely of Venezuelan military officers accused of running state-embedded narcotics operations—has been linked to transnational drug trafficking networks operating across the hemisphere. With the designation now formal, the Pentagon is expected to shift into a “new phase of actions” that could include combined strikes on Venezuelan territory. Venezuela Condemns Decision as Prelude to Invasion The Venezuelan government responded within minutes, issuing a sharp condemnation and calling the U.S. move “a dirty lie aimed at justifying an invasion of Venezuela.” Caracas insists the designation is part of a long-running campaign to delegitimize the Maduro administration and create a legal pretext for military intervention. Venezuelan officials have also increased alerts across coastal and air-defence units, warning that any U.S. incursion would be met with force. Regional analysts note that with today’s declaration, the formal and practical preparations for U.S. military action are essentially complete—leaving only the final presidential order before operations can commence. U.S. Naval Posture Near Venezuela: A Quiet but Powerful Build-Up In the weeks leading up to the FTO announcement, the United States significantly strengthened its military presence across the southern Caribbean. Current U.S. Navy Fleet Status Near Venezuela: A Carrier Strike Group, centred around a Nimitz-class or Ford-class carrier, has been operating in Caribbean waters—within operational range of key Venezuelan military installations. Multiple Arleigh Burke–class destroyers and Ticonderoga-class cruisers are conducting continuous patrols and maritime surveillance. An Amphibious Ready Group, including Marine expeditionary units, is stationed closer to the Lesser Antilles, positioned for potential rapid insertion or evacuation operations. U.S. Air Force strategic bombers, operating from bases in Puerto Rico and Florida, have been conducting long-range maritime patrol patterns that analysts say are consistent with pre-strike mapping. A network of drones, P-8A Poseidon aircraft, and other surveillance platforms are monitoring Venezuelan naval movements in the Caribbean. Taken together, the deployment represents one of the largest U.S. forward naval presences near Venezuela since the early 2000s, giving Washington simultaneous strike, surveillance, and amphibious capabilities. Why the U.S. Move Matters The FTO designation grants the Department of Defense far broader latitude for direct action. Under the classification, U.S. forces may: target the cartel’s alleged logistical nodes, safehouses, or transport infrastructure, strike Venezuelan military assets linked to or protecting cartel networks, freeze or seize any assets connected to the organization worldwide, pursue operations under counter-terror authorities rather than solely narcotics or organized-crime frameworks. For Washington, the designation creates a narrative of national security threat—one that justifies kinetic action without requiring the political burden of a full declaration of war. Regional and Global Reactions Latin American governments remain divided. While U.S. allies in Colombia and the Caribbean have remained cautious, several South American states—particularly Bolivia and Brazil—warn that military escalation could destabilize the region. Venezuela has signaled that it may appeal to Russia, China, and Iran for diplomatic or logistical support, raising fears of a broader geopolitical confrontation. Humanitarian groups have also expressed concern that any U.S. strike could worsen an already severe humanitarian crisis and potentially trigger another wave of mass migration. Operation Imminent? With the designation now legally binding, officials in Washington say the Pentagon’s “preparatory phase” is essentially complete. Intelligence mapping, force positioning, and logistical staging have been underway for weeks. What remains is the final executive order authorizing operations. If executed, the U.S. would likely begin with precision strikes on what it identifies as cartel-linked military facilities, followed by maritime interdiction operations targeting Venezuelan vessels suspected of supporting trafficking networks. For now, the region is bracing for a critical moment that could redefine U.S.–Venezuela relations and alter the security landscape of the Caribbean.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 15:32:34
World
Swedish defence manufacturer Saab has formally offered its GlobalEye airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft to Saudi Arabia, according to a Reuters report released on 21 November 2025. The move comes as Riyadh accelerates efforts to modernise its long-range surveillance and command network under its broader defence transformation agenda. Strong Saudi Interest, Confirms Saab In an interview a day earlier in Montreal, Saab CEO Micael Johansson confirmed that Saudi Arabia has shown “strong interest” in the platform, which is already operated by the United Arab Emirates and several European customers. Johansson described the offer as part of ongoing discussions with the Kingdom, which has been evaluating options to strengthen its airborne and maritime situational awareness. The proposal positions the GlobalEye as a potential future pillar of Saudi Arabia’s integrated air and missile defence, particularly as the region faces increasingly complex threats from drones, cruise missiles, and long-range precision weapons. What GlobalEye Brings to the Table Saab’s GlobalEye is widely regarded as one of the most advanced AEW&C platforms currently available. Built on the Bombardier Global 6000/6500 long-range business jet, the aircraft combines endurance, speed, and a sophisticated sensor suite designed for air, maritime and ground surveillance. Its main features include: Erieye ER AESA radar with a detection range exceeding 450–550 km, capable of tracking low-observable aircraft, cruise missiles, and drones across a wide area. Leonardo Seaspray 7500E radar for maritime and ground surveillance, including synthetic-aperture and moving-target detection modes. Electro-optical/infrared turret for day-night identification and tracking. Mission suite with five operator consoles, satellite communications, and secure data-links enabling networked command and control. Endurance of over 11 hours and a range exceeding 6,000 nautical miles, allowing extended operations over the Gulf, Red Sea, and Arabian Peninsula. The GlobalEye’s ability to perform multi-domain surveillance simultaneously is a key selling point for militaries confronting both traditional air threats and emerging drone swarms. Saudi Arabia’s Current AEW&C Fleet If selected, GlobalEye would expand—and eventually supplement—Saudi Arabia’s existing airborne early-warning force. The Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF) currently operates: Five Boeing E-3 Sentry AWACS aircraft, acquired in the 1980s. These 707-based platforms remain central to Saudi airspace surveillance but face growing sustainment challenges due to their age and maintenance burden. Two Saab 2000 Erieye AEW&C turboprops equipped with an earlier Erieye radar. These smaller aircraft have already familiarised Saudi crews with Saab’s AEW&C systems and operational concepts. The E-3s have been heavily employed during the Yemen conflict, monitoring missile launches and guiding Saudi air defences. However, their older radar technology is less optimised for detecting small, low-flying drones and cruise missiles—threats that have become far more common in the region. Why Saudi Arabia Is Interested Saudi Arabia’s growing interest in the GlobalEye system is shaped by a combination of strategic, operational, and technological needs. Riyadh is seeking a more reliable and far-reaching early-warning capability to monitor Iranian missile launches, UAV activity, and regional airspace movements, especially as threats have become faster, stealthier, and more unpredictable. At the same time, the Kingdom wants to improve its visibility over key maritime zones—the Red Sea, Arabian Gulf, and Gulf of Aden—which are becoming increasingly contested due to drone attacks, smuggling networks, and great-power naval deployments. Beyond surveillance, Saudi Arabia aims to strengthen multi-domain command and control, ensuring its fighter aircraft, naval forces, ground units, and missile-defence systems can share real-time data through a single airborne network. The GlobalEye fits naturally into this vision, particularly because it would also improve interoperability with the United Arab Emirates, which already operates the platform, and with European partners who are moving toward newer AEW&C solutions. Finally, the interest is tied to Riyadh’s push for defence industrial localisation under Vision 2030. Saab’s willingness to support training, maintenance, and potential collaboration with Saudi Arabian Military Industries (SAMI) makes the GlobalEye not just an operational upgrade, but also an opportunity to expand domestic defence capabilities. Growing Global Demand and Competitive Landscape The offer to Saudi Arabia comes as international demand for advanced AEW&C systems rises sharply. NATO members, Gulf states and Indo-Pacific countries are reassessing their surveillance capabilities amid emerging long-range threats. The GlobalEye has recently secured major export successes, including orders from Sweden and a planned acquisition by France, strengthening Saab’s position against competitors such as Boeing’s E-7 Wedgetail. Potential Saudi Procurement Path While Riyadh has not yet indicated the number of aircraft it may purchase, defence analysts expect a possible initial order of two to four GlobalEye aircraft, including mission systems, ground stations and long-term support packages. Such a deal could reach USD 1–1.4 billion, depending on configuration and industrial-offset requirements. If negotiations progress, the GlobalEye could become the next major addition to Saudi Arabia’s expanding ISR architecture, marking one of the Middle East’s most significant airborne surveillance upgrades of the decade. With Saab’s offer now formally on the table, Saudi Arabia joins a growing list of countries evaluating next-generation early-warning aircraft—at a time when information dominance is becoming as critical as firepower in modern warfare.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 15:18:17
World
U.S. President Donald Trump has confirmed that his administration is moving ahead with plans to designate the Muslim Brotherhood as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO), a step that could reshape U.S. relations across the Middle East and have far-reaching consequences for Muslim communities and political movements worldwide. “It will be done in the strongest and most powerful terms. Final documents are being drawn,” Trump said in recent remarks, echoing what the White House and conservative allies have been signaling for months. The announcement follows a similar move at the state level by Texas Governor Greg Abbott, who last week designated both the Muslim Brotherhood and the Council on American–Islamic Relations (CAIR) as terrorist and transnational criminal organizations under Texas law. What the U.S. Terrorist Designation Would Mean If the Muslim Brotherhood is formally designated as an FTO by the U.S. State Department, the group and any entities officially linked to it would face sweeping penalties: Asset freezes of any funds or property under U.S. jurisdiction Criminal liability for anyone providing “material support,” including funding, training, or services Bank and financial de-risking, making it extremely difficult for associated organizations to operate in the global financial system Critics of the Brotherhood have long argued that such a move is overdue, pointing to the group’s ideological links to Hamas, the Palestinian militant organization that the U.S. has designated as a terrorist group since 1997. Hamas is historically considered a Palestinian offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood. Supporters of the move inside the administration and in Congress say it would send a clear message that Washington will treat Islamist movements that inspire or enable violence the same way it treats armed terrorist groups. What Is the Muslim Brotherhood? The Muslim Brotherhood, founded in Egypt in 1928, began as a religious and social reform movement advocating a return to governance based on Islamic law. Over the decades it evolved into a transnational Islamist network with branches, affiliates, or sympathizers across the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of Europe and North America. While its original leadership and many of its branches have at times renounced violence and participated in elections, the Brotherhood’s ideology has also inspired more radical offshoots, including groups that turned to armed struggle. Analysts widely describe it as the “ideological mother” of Hamas and of multiple radical Islamist currents around the world. How Brotherhood “Damages” the United States Muslim Brotherhood threatens U.S. security and social cohesion in several ways: Ideological IncubationBrotherhood writings provide the ideological framework for modern jihadist movements, even where the organization itself does not engage directly in violence. They argue that its teachings on political Islam and strict implementation of Sharia law help legitimize anti-Western narratives that extremists later weaponize. Influence Networks in the WestU.S. officials and analysts claim that Brotherhood-linked figures have built networks of mosques, charities, student groups, and advocacy organizations in North America and Europe that, in their view, promote a gradualist strategy—working through institutions, media, and civil society to reshape laws and public opinion in line with Islamist goals. Potential Threat to Law Enforcement and CounterterrorismBrotherhood-inspired organizations in the U.S. obstruct counterterrorism efforts, discourage cooperation with law enforcement, or frame security measures as “Islamophobic,” which they say can hinder authorities from tracking genuine radicals. These claims are heavily contested by civil liberties groups. Alleged Links to Extremist FinancingPast investigations in the U.S. and Europe have probed Brotherhood-connected charities for suspected money flows to Hamas or other militants, although many of those cases ended without terrorism convictions. Supporters of Trump’s move say a terrorist label would give law enforcement stronger tools to cut off suspicious funding channels. Muslim organizations strongly dispute these arguments, insisting that the Brotherhood’s U.S.-connected entities largely operate within the law, participate in democratic processes, and often publicly condemn terrorism. How Many Countries Are Affected by the Brotherhood? The Muslim Brotherhood’s reach is global, with political branches, affiliated parties, or ideological allies active—or recently active—in dozens of countries across the Middle East, North and East Africa, and Europe. At the same time, several governments already treat the Brotherhood as a terrorist or banned organization: Egypt — The movement’s birthplace; after the military ousted President Mohamed Morsi in 2013, Cairo banned the Brotherhood and declared it a terrorist organization. Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Bahrain — These Gulf monarchies view the Brotherhood as a direct threat to their political systems and have formally listed it as a terrorist group. Russia — Banned the Muslim Brotherhood as a terrorist organization in 2003, accusing it of aiding Islamist insurgents in the North Caucasus. Libya (Tobruk-based House of Representatives) — Designated the Brotherhood as a terrorist organization in 2019 amid civil war and competing governments. Kenya — In 2025, Nairobi moved to designate the Muslim Brotherhood as a terrorist group, citing concerns about radicalization and regional security. Beyond these formal designations, Brotherhood-linked or inspired parties and movements have shaped politics in Jordan, Tunisia, Morocco, Kuwait, Yemen, Sudan, and elsewhere, sometimes participating in parliaments, sometimes facing bans or repression. Analysts estimate that tens of millions of people live in countries where the Brotherhood is either a key political actor or a priority security concern. The U.S. joining the list of states that formally label the organization as terrorist would significantly raise the stakes for any government that continues to host or cooperate with Brotherhood-aligned groups. Supporters Hail a “Necessary Security Step” Conservative lawmakers and allies of the president quickly applauded Trump’s confirmation of the move. House Republican leaders who have long backed legislation such as the “Muslim Brotherhood Terrorist Designation Act” called it a “long overdue step” that, in their view, will make it easier to target extremist networks and close the space for what they see as Islamist subversion in Western democracies. They argue that by formally aligning U.S. policy with countries like Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE, Washington would present a united front against Islamist movements they blame for decades of instability, radicalization, and conflict. Rights Groups Warn of a “Witch-Hunt” On the other side, a broad coalition of Human-rights organizations, Muslim civil-liberties advocates, strongly opposes the designation: A coalition including the Brennan Center for Justice, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, and the ACLU has warned that a blanket terrorist label could trigger a “witch-hunt against Muslim civil society” in the U.S. Analysts at institutions like the Carnegie Endowment and Center for American Progress argue that while some Brotherhood members have engaged in violence, the movement as a whole does not meet the established legal criteria for an FTO and that such a designation could fuel extremism rather than prevent it. They warn that mosques, charities, student groups, and civic organizations could find themselves smeared by association, with ordinary Muslims potentially facing surveillance, banking restrictions, or even criminal charges for routine interactions later interpreted as “material support.” Global Repercussions: Allies Divided, Rivals Watching Internationally, Trump’s announcement is likely to deepen existing rifts: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Bahrain are expected to welcome the decision, seeing it as validation of their own crackdowns on Islamist movements and as a blow to their regional rival Qatar, which has hosted Brotherhood figures and media sympathetic to them. Turkey and Qatar, which have historically given political backing or refuge to Brotherhood leaders, are likely to criticize the move as an attack on political Islam and a dangerous conflation of non-violent Islamists with armed extremist groups. European governments, where Brotherhood-linked entities operate legally but under scrutiny, may face pressure—both from Washington and domestic politics—to tighten restrictions, even if they stop short of replicating a full terrorist designation. In regions from North Africa to Southeast Asia, local Islamist parties that are ideologically close to the Brotherhood but formally independent may also find themselves under new pressure from their governments, which could feel emboldened to clamp down using the U.S. move as justification. What Happens Next For Trump’s pledge to become reality, the State Department must complete a formal process to determine that the Muslim Brotherhood: Is a foreign organization, Engages in terrorist activity or retains the capability and intent to do so, and Threatens the security of U.S. nationals or the national security of the United States. Previous administrations—Republican and Democratic—looked at the same question and ultimately declined to designate the group, citing legal and practical obstacles. This time, with Trump publicly committed to acting “in the strongest and most powerful terms,” the debate over the Muslim Brotherhood’s role in the world—and whether it is a terrorist movement, a political force, or something in between—is set to become one of the defining foreign-policy battles of his second term.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 14:25:04
World
A major new study by Chinese defence researchers has offered the clearest picture yet of how the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) might attempt to jam and disable Starlink communications across Taiwan, revealing both the scale of the challenge and the staggering number of electronic-warfare drones required for such a mission. The findings, published in the Chinese peer-reviewed journal Systems Engineering and Electronics, conclude that jamming Starlink across a region the size of Taiwan is technically possible — but only with 1,000 to 2,000 coordinated airborne jamming platforms. Anything less, the researchers warn, would leave large portions of the island able to maintain resilient Starlink connections. The paper, titled “Simulation research of distributed jammers against mega-constellation downlink communication transmissions”, was authored by a joint team from Zhejiang University and the Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) — one of China’s top defence research institutions. A Challenge Unlike Anything in Traditional Satellite Warfare The research frames Starlink as one of the most difficult communication networks in the world to suppress. Unlike traditional geostationary satellites, which are fixed above the equator and can be jammed by overpowering their signals from the ground, Starlink satellites are low-orbit, fast-moving, and constantly changing, with thousands of satellites covering any region at any given moment. “The orbital planes of Starlink are not fixed … the number of satellites entering the visible area constantly changes. This spatiotemporal uncertainty poses a significant challenge for any third party attempting to monitor or counter the Starlink constellation,” the BIT-led team wrote. Starlink’s architecture makes it even tougher to hit: Terminals hop between satellites seconds apart, forming a self-healing mesh network. Advanced phased-array antennas allow the network to shape and steer beams dynamically. Frequency-hopping and rapid software reconfiguration, controlled remotely by SpaceX in the US, enable rapid adaptation when targeted. These factors mean that jamming Starlink from the ground is largely ineffective. China’s Answer: A Sky Filled With Electronic Warfare Drones Given Starlink’s resilience, Chinese researchers concluded that only a distributed jamming strategy could work. Their simulation envisions: A sky-grid of hundreds to thousands of drones, balloons or high-altitude aircraft. All flying at 20km altitude. Spaced 5–9km apart, forming an electromagnetic “chessboard” over Taiwan. Each airborne jammer emits noise toward Starlink user terminals on the ground, attempting to overpower the downlink from orbit. The study tested: Wide-beam antennas (low accuracy, large area coverage). Narrow-beam antennas (high precision, higher power). Using actual Starlink orbital data, they simulated 12 hours of satellite coverage over eastern China, modelling: Downlink beam strength User terminal reception Interference propagation (ground ↔ sky) Multiple-angle cumulative jamming The Stunning Numbers: 935 to 2,000 Drones Needed Under optimal conditions — a 400-watt (26 dBW) jammer, narrow-beam antenna and 7km spacing — each jammer could disrupt Starlink over 38.5 sq km. Since Taiwan is 36,000 sq km, the PLA would need at least: 935 drones for full coverage Over 1,200 if terrain, failures, and redundancy are included Up to 2,000 drones using lower power (23 dBW) and tighter spacing Researchers note the real requirement could be even higher, as Starlink continues to upgrade its anti-jamming capabilities and keeps critical technical specifications secret. “More accurate assessment would require real radiation pattern data of Starlink user terminals,” the study adds — data China does not possess. Why Beijing is Worried: Lessons From Ukraine The study cites the Ukraine war as a wake-up call for China. After Russia invaded in 2022, Ukraine urgently requested Starlink support — and thousands of terminals arrived in days. Russia attempted to jam the network, initially with some success, but SpaceX rapidly updated software, and many Russian jammers became ineffective almost overnight. The result:Starlink became the backbone of Ukrainian battlefield communications, enabling real-time coordination, drone strikes, artillery corrections and more. This demonstrated that: Even high-end military jammers can be defeated through software updates Starlink is not a static target but a living, adaptive system Any military operation against Taiwan would face a similar challenge The PLA fears that if Taiwan maintains uninterrupted Starlink access during a conflict, it would severely complicate China’s ability to achieve electromagnetic dominance, a prerequisite for any successful blockade or invasion. Strategic Stakes: Taiwan’s Expanding Drone and Satellite Links The stakes for China go far beyond simply cutting Taiwan’s internet links. The timing of the study is especially significant, coming just a day after Taipei revealed its plan to acquire 1,000 American-made “killer drones”, a move that clearly signals Taiwan’s push toward a more autonomous, resilient strike capability. At the same time, Taiwan is working to diversify its satellite-internet options, ensuring that even if Starlink is disrupted, the island won’t be left blind or disconnected. From Beijing’s perspective, shutting down Starlink is not just a technical exercise — it is a strategic necessity. If Starlink stays online during a conflict, the PLA would be forced to contend with continuous US intelligence streaming into Taiwan, a drone fleet that can operate with real-time updates, missiles receiving live mid-course guidance, and a highly distributed command system that would be extremely difficult to paralyse. For China, the problem isn’t just the satellites overhead — it’s the entire web of battlefield advantages that Starlink enables. China’s Concerns, Taiwan’s Defences, and US Commitments Beijing regards Taiwan as China’s territory and has not ruled out force to achieve reunification. The United States, while not recognising Taiwan as an independent state, opposes any attempt to seize the island and continues to expand military cooperation with Taipei. US defence planners have warned that Starlink-like systems will be central in any future conflict — and are accelerating their own anti-jamming upgrades. Taiwan, meanwhile, sees satellite networks as essential to surviving the initial days of a blockade. A Feasible Plan — But Hugely Expensive and Logistically Complex The Chinese study ultimately concludes: Starlink can be jammed, But only with enormous operational cost. Deploying 1,000+ high-altitude EW drones, keeping them airborne for hours or days, coordinating narrow-beam targeting, and preventing losses from weather, air defence or technical failures would be a massive undertaking — even for the PLA. Researchers warn that the simulation is only theoretical, and real-world conditions could demand far more drones, more power, or entirely different strategies. Still, the paper provides the most detailed roadmap ever released from inside China on how it might attempt to neutralise one of the most resilient communications systems on Earth — and highlights the central role Starlink may play in any future Taiwan-strait conflict.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 14:00:39
World
The American defence-technology company Epirus is pushing its Leonidas High-Power Microwave (HPM) Pod as a new answer to one of the hardest problems on today’s battlefields: cheap, highly manoeuvrable fiber-optic–controlled drones that shrug off traditional radio-frequency jamming. Mounted on drones, vehicles or potentially helicopters, the compact pod is designed to fry the electronics of hostile unmanned aircraft in mid-air, regardless of how they are controlled. A Backpack-Sized Directed-Energy Weapon According to Epirus and publicly available product information, the Leonidas Pod is a solid-state, software-defined high-power microwave weapon that miniaturises the company’s ground-based Leonidas system into a remarkably small form factor. The pod weighs under 50 pounds and is roughly the size of a large backpack, light enough to be man-carried or slung under a heavy-lift drone. Instead of older magnetron tubes, Leonidas uses gallium nitride (GaN) semiconductor amplifier modules to generate long-pulse microwave energy. This allows a more durable beam, lower power consumption and a system that can start up or shut down in minutes rather than hours. Epirus positions the pod as a mobile, compact counter-electronics and electronic-attack system. The pod’s open architecture is designed to integrate with existing airborne mission systems and ground fire-control networks, turning any host platform—unmanned aircraft, armoured vehicle, or potentially a helicopter—into a directed-energy node in a larger air-defence web. How Leonidas attacks drone swarms The Leonidas family is built to counter drone swarms rather than single aircraft. Instead of firing a kinetic interceptor at one target, Leonidas emits a cone or beam of high-power microwave energy that induces currents and voltage spikes in exposed electronics. Circuit boards, flight controllers and data links are overloaded, causing drones to fall out of the sky or lose control. In recent U.S. demonstrations, the ground-based Leonidas system achieved a 100% kill rate against 61 drones, including knocking down a 49-drone swarm with a single pulse of electromagnetic interference. Drones in multiple flight profiles crashed after losing their control systems, underscoring the “one-to-many” nature of the weapon. Key performance features highlighted by Epirus and independent analyses include: Near-instant effects: the microwaves propagate at the speed of light and disable electronics as soon as a target enters the field. Multi-shot, no-reload operation: as a directed-energy system, Leonidas is not limited by a physical magazine; it can engage waves of drones without rearming. High rate of fire without overheating: the solid-state design and power-management software allow rapid successive engagements. Adjustable “lethality”: operators can tailor power and beam shape in software, from selective engagement of individual drones to wide-area pulses that blanket a sector. While detailed range and power figures remain classified, Epirus says the latest generation offers more than double the range and lethality of early prototypes, and testing has shown the underlying Leonidas technology can also disable boat motors at tactically useful distances. Countering fiber-optic–controlled and autonomous drones Modern frontline conflicts have seen an explosion of FPV (first-person view) attack drones that use fiber-optic reels or highly resilient data links. These systems are notoriously hard to defeat with classic RF jamming, because the control signal does not travel through the air in the usual way—or, in the case of autonomous drones, there is no live radio link at all. Leonidas attacks the problem at a different layer. As a high-power microwave weapon, it does not care whether the drone is radio-controlled, fiber-optic-guided, or pre-programmed. It couples energy directly into the airframe’s electronics and wiring, bypassing the question of how control commands are transmitted. That makes the same pod relevant against: FPV kamikaze drones with fiber-optic spools, where jamming the link is ineffective. Autonomous loitering munitions, which fly pre-set routes. Standard RF-controlled quadcopters and fixed-wing drones, which may be hardened against jamming but not against massive electrical surges. Because the effect is purely electromagnetic, Leonidas can theoretically also disrupt other battlefield electronics: improvised explosive device triggers, vehicle control systems, or the sensors on loitering munitions, depending on power level and geometry. Epirus and U.S. Navy testing with Leonidas derivatives have already demonstrated the ability to stop small boat engines, hinting at broader anti-surface applications. Mounting on drones, vehicles and future rotorcraft The Leonidas Pod was first unveiled in early 2022 as a UAS-borne HPM system. Mounted under a heavy-lift drone, it can fly directly toward a threat axis and project a moving “bubble” of microwave energy to screen advancing troops or convoy routes. Epirus emphasises that the pod’s form factor and mounting hardware are designed for multiple platform types: On unmanned aerial vehicles, it offers high-altitude or stand-off coverage against hostile drones approaching from any direction. Integrated on armoured vehicles such as the Stryker (via the related Leonidas Mobile configuration), similar HPM arrays provide mobile short-range air defence as part of U.S. Army experiments. With its low weight and open architecture, the same pod-class system is marketed as adaptable to manned aircraft and helicopters, giving rotary-wing platforms the ability to escort formations with an onboard anti-drone “microwave shield”. In all cases, the pod can switch between standby and active modes, conserving its onboard battery while loitering and only drawing full power when a threat is detected. Extended battery life, according to the manufacturer, allows it to reach the threat, engage, and return to base without external power. Specifications and technical architecture Detailed classified parameters are not public, but open sources paint a picture of the Leonidas Pod as a highly modular HPM node: Weight & size: under 50 lb, backpack-like enclosure; small enough to fit in the back of a commercial pickup or similar military vehicle. Architecture: built around Line-Replaceable Amplifier Modules (LRAMs), allowing arrays to be scaled up or down and swapped in the field. Technology base: solid-state GaN power amplifiers, long-pulse HPM waveforms, software-defined waveform control and AI-driven power management. Coverage: narrow “pencil beam” for precision strikes or wider beam modes for area coverage; compatible with 360-degree mounting solutions on some host platforms. Power management: rapid power-up/power-down in minutes, standby modes, and thermal management aimed at eliminating overheating during repeated engagements. Epirus describes its HPM family as deliberately magazine-independent and cost-effective compared to firing expensive surface-to-air missiles at cheap drones. The idea is to reserve kinetic weapons for high-value targets while using HPM to clear out the mass of small UAVs that saturate air defences. Part of a wider Leonidas ecosystem The Leonidas Pod is only one member of a growing ecosystem of HPM systems that U.S. forces are now trialling: Leonidas Mobile, integrated on platforms like the Stryker to provide mobile short-range air defence. Leonidas ExDECS, a more compact expeditionary system geared toward the U.S. Marine Corps and other rapidly deployed forces. Leonidas H2O, a marinised variant one-third the size of the original, tested in 2024 for disabling small boat engines and countering unmanned surface vessels. Leonidas AR, a recent tracked, unmanned ground vehicle that carries a Leonidas HPM array on a General Dynamics TRX robotic chassis for autonomous counter-drone operations. The U.S. Army has already committed tens of millions of dollars under its Indirect Fire Protection Capability – High-Power Microwave (IFPC-HPM) programme to field Leonidas prototypes, some of which have been deployed to CENTCOM for real-world evaluation. A glimpse of future air defence As fiber-optic-guided FPV drones, autonomous munitions and mass drone swarms become standard tools of modern warfare, systems like Leonidas Pod signal a shift away from one-missile-per-target air defence. By collapsing multiple roles—counter-drone, counter-electronics and electronic attack—into a compact, software-defined pod that can ride on drones, armoured vehicles or eventually helicopters, Epirus is betting that high-power microwaves will become as common on the battlefield as radar and jammers are today. How quickly the Leonidas Pod transitions from demonstration videos and selected U.S. deployments to wider operational use—and whether allied militaries adopt it—will be an important indicator of how seriously armed forces are taking the “unjammable” drone threat emerging from today’s conflicts.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 13:31:07
World
U.S. Marines from the 1st Radio Battalion have conducted some of their most advanced suppression-of-enemy-air-defense (SEAD) training to date, facing full-scale decoy replicas of Russian S-300 and Chinese HQ-9 long-range surface-to-air missile systems during Exercise Resolute Hunter 26-1 at Naval Air Station Fallon, Nevada. The drills—confirmed by the U.S. Department of War via DVIDS on November 21, 2025—are designed to strengthen joint kill-chain integration and prepare U.S. forces for the next generation of highly networked air defense threats. Foreign Air Defense Systems in the Nevada Desert Imagery released from Fallon shows large, foreign-profile missile launchers and radar vehicles painted in desert camouflage, closely resembling the S-300PMU2 and HQ-9/HQ-9B families. These are not simple mock-ups but full-scale, visually and electromagnetically representative decoys, capable of simulating real-world radar emissions, network signatures, and deployment patterns. The S-300PMU2 “Favourite”, designed by Russia, includes: 83M6E2 command post 64N6E2 long-range surveillance radar 30N6E2 X-band phased-array engagement radar 5P85 series launchers carrying long-range missiles Operationally, a functioning S-300PMU2 battery can threaten aircraft and low-flying cruise missiles up to 150–200 km, while tracking and engaging multiple targets simultaneously. Its architecture forms the backbone of many non-Western integrated air defense networks. China’s HQ-9 series—mirrored in other range decoys—offers a comparable threat. The HQ-9B variant has a reported engagement range of up to 300 km, tied to the modern HT233 and Type 305 phased-array radars. Export versions, known as FD-2000/FD-2000B, have proliferated across the Middle East, Central Asia, and North Africa. Why These Systems Matter: The Iran Angle The selection of S-300 and HQ-9-style targets is not coincidental. Iran received S-300PMU2 batteries from Russia in the mid-2010s and deployed them around its nuclear infrastructure, including Fordow. The semi-arid terrain of Iran’s defense sites closely resembles the Nevada training ranges. In recent years, reports have suggested that Iran has shown interest in Chinese HQ-9-class systems to complement its indigenous Bavar-373 and Khordad-15 batteries. Several regional neighbors have also evaluated these systems, making HQ-9 derivatives a likely future threat for U.S. forces. Seen in this light, full-scale decoys at Fallon represent an unmistakable rehearsal for penetrating Iranian-style integrated air defense systems—especially after Israeli strikes on Iranian nuclear and missile sites in 2025, which accelerated Tehran’s efforts to reinforce its air defense network. Marines Shift From Ground Combat to Multi-Domain SEAD Historically, disabling enemy air defenses fell to U.S. Air Force platforms such as the F-16CJ “Wild Weasel”, EC-130H Compass Call, and F-35A. But the U.S. Marine Corps is restructuring into a stand-in force, capable of operating deep inside contested zones. During Resolute Hunter 26-1, Marines practiced: Identifying foreign batteries by radar pulse characteristics Detecting network traffic between SAM components Locating camouflaged launchers via electromagnetic signatures Passing real-time intelligence to Army, Navy, and Air Force shooters Coordinating electronic warfare, cyber intrusion, and long-range missile fires The goal is to turn Marine units into forward reconnaissance and targeting nodes that help dismantle high-end SAM networks for joint aviation and naval strike forces. Joint Kill Chain Integration Takes Center Stage Resolute Hunter is one of the Pentagon’s major multi-domain intelligence and targeting exercises. This year included: U.S. Army long-range fires units Navy aviation and carrier strike elements Air Force electronic attack and ISR aircraft Space Force sensor and tracking teams The S-300 and HQ-9 surrogates allowed services to rehearse building a complete kill chain: detection, classification, geolocation, jamming, cyber disruption, and kinetic strike. Officials note the decoys can emit realistic radar waveforms and generate system-specific digital signatures, enabling analysts to work with authentic threat fingerprints. A Larger Strategic Signal The deliberate training comes as tensions with Iran remain high. Western intelligence reports warn that Iran is dispersing and upgrading its air defense assets, and accelerating deployment of modern SAMs around nuclear and missile facilities. In that context, Marines maneuvering around S-300 and HQ-9 look-alikes in Nevada is more than routine—it is a strategic rehearsal. The U.S. is preparing for high-end air defense environments in the very regions where these systems are already deployed. Fake Targets, Real Kill Chains Even if the systems on the Fallon ranges are only mock-ups, the work unfolding around them is anything but artificial. The Marines are effectively rehearsing the very data flows, targeting chains, and rapid decision cycles that would unfold in an actual fight. With every run of Resolute Hunter, the United States becomes more adept at navigating the complex world of hostile air defenses—learning how to track foreign SAM batteries, disrupt the networks that bind them, and blind the radars that make them lethal, before finally bringing the full weight of cross-domain firepower against them. The choice of S-300PMU2 and HQ-9B surrogates is no accident; it reflects the battlefield the Pentagon expects to face in the real world. As one defense official remarked, the launchers may be fake, but the kill chains being refined around them are the very ones the U.S. intends to rely on “when it matters.”
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 13:09:51
India
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has issued an Expression of Interest (EoI) to transfer the technology of its 30 kW Laser Directed Energy Weapon (DEW) system to Indian industry. The offer, released by DRDO’s Centre for High Energy Systems and Sciences (CHESS), includes three licences for qualified vendors. The 30 kW laser system is developed as a counter-drone platform that brings together drone-detection radar, RF sensors and EO-IR tracking equipment. It uses a high-energy laser to disable drones at a range of three to four kilometres. The system is mounted on a mobile platform and is intended for use around military bases and other sensitive areas where drone activity is a concern. The DEW has completed several field trials over the past year, showing the ability to track and neutralise different types of drones. It has been developed under DRDO’s MK-2(A) laser programme and uses a modular design in which multiple laser modules are combined to produce the 30 kW output. Offering the system for technology transfer is aimed at involving private industry in production and building domestic capability in high-energy laser systems, power electronics, optics and precision tracking. DRDO expects this step to support future manufacturing and reduce dependence on imports in this category of defence technology. The EoI invites companies to submit proposals showing their technical capacity and readiness to absorb the technology. After evaluation, DRDO will select three companies to receive licences and begin preparations for production. Initial manufacturing arrangements are expected within the next 12 to 18 months. Officials familiar with the programme indicate that DRDO is also working on higher-power laser systems in development, but the 30 kW system is the first being offered for wider industrial production. With this move, the 30 kW laser DEW becomes one of the first high-energy laser systems in India to be opened for industry participation and future large-scale deployment.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-24 12:53:27
World
The U.S War Department has moved decisively into a new phase of military modernization, unveiling six critical technology priorities that officials say will shape the future of U.S. warfighting. What emerged this week was not another slow-moving reform directive, but a sharpened, urgent plan to equip American troops with cutting-edge tools right now, not in some distant planning cycle. Undersecretary of War for Research and Engineering Emil Michael framed the moment with unusual bluntness. “Our adversaries are moving fast, but we will move faster,” he said. “The warfighter is not asking for results tomorrow; they need them today.” His message was clear: technological hesitation is no longer an option. At the center of the strategy are six fields—Applied AI, Biomanufacturing, Contested Logistics Technology, Quantum Battlefield Information Dominance, Scaled Directed Energy, and Scaled Hypersonics. Each, according to defense leaders, represents not just an innovation path but a survival requirement for operating in a world increasingly shaped by near-peer military competition. AI as the Driving Engine of Modern Warfare Nothing illustrates this shift more than the renewed emphasis on applied artificial intelligence. President Donald J. Trump’s “Winning the Race: America’s AI Action Plan,” released in July, directed the department to adopt AI at unparalleled speed. Michael echoed the sense of urgency, warning that AI will be transformative only if it is deployed rapidly and broadly. Inside the Pentagon, planners describe a future where AI becomes the nervous system of military power—an invisible force running through targeting, logistics, intelligence analysis, and autonomous systems. The vision is of a battlefield where sensors, drones, satellites, and command nodes operate in synchronized motion, all moving faster than any human staff could. “When adopted rapidly, AI will fundamentally transform the department,” Michael said. It is meant to compress decision cycles, increase precision, and make the U.S. military’s response time nearly instantaneous. Biomanufacturing and the Race for Supply Security The next priority—biomanufacturing—might seem, at first glance, far removed from missiles and sensors. But the department sees it as a quiet revolution, an answer to the vulnerability of global supply chains that recent wars have exposed. Michael described biomanufacturing as a way to “harness living systems” to produce critical materials. In practice, this means using engineered organisms to create: bio-based energetic materials chemical components for explosives specialty minerals and compounds used in sensors and electronics For a military concerned about the availability of rare earth metals and chemical precursors, many of which come from China, biomanufacturing offers something priceless: control. It gives the U.S. a domestic, resilient way to produce materials that modern weapons depend on. Fighting a War Where Supplies Are Under Attack The department’s third priority—contested logistics—recognizes a simple truth of modern warfare: the U.S. can no longer assume its supply lines are safe. In a conflict with a technologically sophisticated adversary, everything from ships to ports to fuel depots could be targeted. The War Department wants to push logistics into a new era, one where resupply does not depend on vulnerable convoys or large depots. Autonomous drones, mobile micro-factories, hardened communications, and AI-driven planning tools are envisioned as the backbone of a system that must survive under attack. In the Indo-Pacific, where any conflict with China would stretch supply lines across thousands of miles, these technologies are seen not as an upgrade but as a necessity. Quantum Technologies for a New Kind of Information Warfare The fourth priority—quantum battlefield information dominance—signals an ambition to reshape how the U.S. military sees and moves within contested environments. Quantum-secured communication networks could make enemy interception nearly impossible. Quantum sensors might detect stealth aircraft, submarines, or missiles long before traditional systems can. Defense officials believe that quantum technologies could eventually become as important as radar once was in the early 20th century—something that completely transforms the character of warfare. The department’s goal is straightforward: never lose information superiority, even in the most hostile electromagnetic environments. Directed Energy Finally Moves Toward Mass Deployment For decades, high-energy lasers (HEL) and high-power microwaves (HPM) were promising research projects that never quite reached maturity. Now, the War Department is preparing to scale them across the force. Michael said the focus is on moving beyond prototypes to fieldable systems capable of engaging: drones cruise missiles swarm attacks low-cost airborne threats Directed energy offers a unique advantage: each shot costs only a few dollars, compared to tens or hundreds of thousands for conventional interceptors. In a world where drone swarms are increasingly common—from Ukraine to the Red Sea—low-cost defense has become essential. The department wants lasers mounted on trucks, ships, and airborne platforms, providing a layer of defense that is both cheap and persistent. Hypersonics: From Limited Programs to Force-Wide Capability The final pillar—scaled hypersonics—is perhaps the most strategically visible. The U.S. has lagged behind both China and Russia in fielding hypersonic weapons. The new push aims to reverse that trend by shifting from development to mass production, driving down costs and integrating hypersonic systems across multiple branches of the military. Speed, range, and survivability make hypersonics a central part of deterrence. But until now, the U.S. has produced hypersonic missiles in relatively small numbers. The War Department now aims to change that by building the industrial base necessary for large-scale fielding. A Return to First Principles: U.S. Military Superiority War Secretary Pete Hegseth framed the new strategy in stark terms. “Our nation’s military has always been the tip of the spear,” he said. Narrowing the War Department’s focus ensures that American forces remain technologically unmatched. “These six critical technology areas will ensure our warriors never enter a fair fight,” Hegseth said. “We are committed to remaining the most deadly fighting force on planet Earth.” Behind the rhetoric is a recognition that the world has changed: adversaries innovate faster, conflicts evolve faster, and technology advances faster than any bureaucracy is comfortable with. The War Department’s new plan is an attempt to catch up—and then surge ahead. In this moment, U.S. leaders believe that speed, precision, and technological daring are the only ways to secure battlefield advantage. And if the War Department has its way, the next generation of American warfighters will wield tools unlike anything seen in the last century—not eventually, but now.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-23 17:40:20
World
The Danish Ministry of Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organisation (DALO) has awarded a contract to BAE Systems Hägglunds worth approximately US$450 million for 44 additional infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs) of the CV90 Mk IIIC family. The contract covers not only the vehicles themselves, but also spares, training, logistics support and related lifecycle services. This new order builds on a 2024 framework deal for 115 vehicles, bringing the future total of CV90 Mk IIICs for the Royal Danish Army to 159 tracked IFVs. The acquisition replaces an earlier plan to perform a mid-life upgrade of Denmark’s existing CV9035DK fleet. Major General Peter Boysen, Commander of the Danish Army, explained that “the infantry fighting vehicle is an essential part of the combat power in the heavy brigade. It is therefore crucial that we acquire a consolidated fleet of vehicles as quickly as possible.” The goal is to have the full 159 vehicles fielded by the end of 2030, thereby accelerating Denmark’s plan to deploy a fully capable heavy brigade under NATO command by that timeframe. What the Deal Means By ordering 44 more vehicles, Denmark is ensuring that the forthcoming heavy brigade will operate on a single, modern tracked IFV platform, simplifying logistics, training, maintenance, and interoperability with other CV90 operators. The decision underscores Denmark’s commitment to shared defence standards within NATO. From an industrial standpoint, the move reinforces the CV90 family’s position as a standardised NATO IFV, strengthening supply-chain efficiency and cross-European military cooperation. Specifications & Capabilities of the CV90 Family While the exact Mk IIIC configuration may include Danish-specific modifications, the broader CV90 capabilities include: The CV90 is a Swedish-designed tracked infantry fighting vehicle series active since the 1990s. Weight range: 23 to 38 tonnes, depending on variant. Crew: 3, plus 7–8 dismounts. Road speed: up to ~70 km/h. Armament: 30 mm, 35 mm or 40 mm cannon, depending on version, plus 7.62 mm coaxial MG. Protection: Modular armour, mine/IED protection, and optional active protection systems (APS). The Mk IIIC is built to the same standard as the latest Dutch MLU vehicles, featuring a new turret design, improved ergonomics, situational awareness, and fire-power upgrades. For Denmark, the 159-vehicle fleet replaces the older CV9035DK vehicles, which have served for more than a decade. Operational Background & Strategic Context Denmark has real-world combat experience with earlier CV9035DKs, notably in Afghanistan, where their mine and IED protection saved lives. A catastrophic 2010 IED strike demonstrated the limits of any single system, but also helped guide later upgrades and procurement decisions. Across Europe, the CV90 is widely used by Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Estonia, and Ukraine, with Czechia and Slovakia procuring the latest Mk IV variants. This forms a strong “CV90 club” inside NATO, supporting interoperability and shared logistics. In Ukraine, the CV90 has been described as a “force multiplier” for mechanised units due to its survivability, fire-power, and mobility. Broader Implications and Next Steps For Denmark, the new order fits within its national defence strategy to build a credible, deployable heavy brigade fully interoperable with NATO. By 2030, Denmark expects the fleet fully operational, supporting the alliance's readiness requirements in northern Europe. For BAE Systems, the deal extends the CV90’s export success, adding to more than 1,900 vehicles across 17 variants already ordered worldwide. Denmark will now move toward multi-year deliveries, integrating the vehicles into its brigade structure while phasing out older platforms. The US$450 million deal for 44 additional CV90 Mk IIIC IFVs expands Denmark’s future tracked IFV fleet to 159 vehicles and marks a major strategic shift toward a fully modern, unified mechanised platform. With procurement underway, attention now turns to delivery schedules, brigade integration, and the strengthened role these vehicles will play in NATO’s northern defence posture.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-23 17:27:06
World
President Donald Trump said he is prepared to send the National Guard to New York City if circumstances require it, confirming that the issue was discussed during his Oval Office meeting with Mayor-elect Zohran Mamdani on Friday. The statement marks the latest development in a tense political narrative that began during New York’s mayoral campaign and has now evolved into a cautious, temporary truce. Speaking to reporters outside the White House on Saturday, Trump said the deployment remains an option but is not currently planned.“If they need it. Right now, other places need it more. We talked about that. If they need it, I would do it,” he said. Why the National Guard Became an Issue in New York Talk of sending federal troops to New York began weeks before the election, when Trump repeatedly criticized Mamdani and claimed the city would become unsafe under his leadership. Throughout the campaign, the president described the city as being in “decline,” citing concerns over crime, drug trafficking and migrant inflows. He warned that he might use federal authority—including the National Guard—if New York’s “crisis escalated.” After Mamdani’s election victory, the issue became more prominent. Trump allies hinted that the administration was reviewing options for stronger federal intervention in “high-risk urban areas,” and New York was frequently cited alongside Chicago, Los Angeles and Washington, D.C. These discussions took place even as federal courts issued rulings questioning Trump’s deployment of National Guard troops to other cities. At the same time, immigration enforcement operations intensified in New York, with federal agents conducting arrests in several boroughs. This added to speculation that the White House was preparing a broader security action involving uniformed troops. The Oval Office Meeting: From Hostility to a Sudden Reset Friday’s meeting between Trump and Mamdani was closely watched after months of bitter political rhetoric. Ahead of Election Day, Trump had labeled the mayor-elect a “communist,” questioned his background, and predicted chaos in New York under his administration. Mamdani, in turn, accused Trump of weaponizing federal power for political gain. But inside the Oval Office, the tone changed dramatically. Both sides described the conversation as unexpectedly warm, with Trump saying he and Mamdani “agreed on more than expected.” The two discussed public safety, federal funding, and how the city and White House could coordinate on economic concerns. It was during this meeting that concerns about a National Guard deployment were addressed directly. Mamdani reportedly emphasized that such a move would undermine trust in the city, while Trump suggested he would not rush into a decision unless the situation demanded it. Why a Deployment Remains a Possibility Despite the friendlier tone, the discussion reflects broader tensions between New York and the federal government. Trump has already attempted to federalize National Guard units in several major cities as part of his national crime and immigration strategy. In some cases—such as Chicago and Washington—courts have blocked or limited those deployments, prompting ongoing legal battles. For New York, the situation is especially sensitive. Any federal deployment would require justifying a significant emergency or instability, something state officials say does not exist. Governor Kathy Hochul has publicly opposed the idea of federal troops patrolling the city, and legal experts note that Trump would likely face immediate challenges if he tried to override state authority. Still, the president has kept the option open, and his remarks on Saturday indicate the White House wants to maintain pressure while avoiding an immediate clash with the incoming administration. How New York Is Responding Mayor-elect Mamdani has begun preparing for potential federal action by strengthening the city’s legal teams and coordinating closely with state leadership. He has told supporters that the city will not accept “political intimidation” and vowed to resist any unnecessary military presence. Mamdani has also stressed that New York remains safe and stable, rejecting claims that the city requires federal troops. His administration is focusing on public safety reforms, housing affordability, and immigrant community protections—issues that are expected to shape his early months in office. For now, Trump’s comments suggest a temporary pause rather than an abandonment of the National Guard idea. The administration is currently focused on crime and immigration operations in other parts of the country, where federal courts are actively reviewing the limits of presidential power. Whether New York eventually sees a deployment will depend on two key factors: How the city handles public safety and migrant issues in the coming months. How ongoing court battles shape the president’s authority to federalize state troops. The Oval Office meeting may have lowered the temperature, but the underlying political and legal tensions remain unresolved. Both sides now face the challenge of navigating one of the most sensitive federal-city relationships in the country, with the possibility of National Guard troops in New York still looming—quietly, but unmistakably—in the background. As of 23 November 2025 As of late 23 November 2025, there has been no National Guard deployment to New York City, and no formal request from either the mayor-elect or the governor. The White House has not issued any executive order or directive linked to troop movement toward New York. Federal officials say the situation remains “under review,” but insist that New York is not on the immediate list of cities being considered for federalized Guard involvement. Meanwhile, state authorities have confirmed that New York’s security environment is stable, and the city continues to operate with normal policing levels. Mamdani’s transition team has also reported “no escalation” in federal pressure since the Oval Office meeting, noting that communication with the White House has been “professional and consistent.” The issue, however, remains open-ended, with the administration signaling that the option could be reconsidered if conditions change.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-23 17:04:00
World
Japan has confirmed plans to deploy medium-range surface-to-air missiles on Yonaguni Island, a tiny outpost just about 110 km from Taiwan, in a move aimed at strengthening air defence and deterring an increasingly assertive China. The deployment is part of a wider missile and force build-up along Japan’s southwestern island chain facing the East China Sea and Taiwan Strait. A New Missile Unit on Japan’s Western Edge According to Japanese defence officials, the new unit on Yonaguni will field medium-range surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), widely understood by analysts to be variants of the Type 03 Chū-SAM or its improved version, already in service with the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF). Yonaguni, the westernmost inhabited island of Japan, has long been seen as a frontline observation post. A small JGSDF coastal surveillance unit was established there in 2016; now, the island is being hardened into a full-fledged air-defence node that can help shield Japanese territory and sea lanes around Taiwan. Japanese Defence Minister statements, reported by outlets citing Bloomberg and domestic media, frame the move as essential to reducing the risk of an armed attack on Japan and countering the “most severe security environment” since World War II, rather than as an escalation. Missile Specifications: Type 03 Medium-Range Surface-to-Air Missile The Type 03 medium-range surface-to-air missile (Chū-SAM) is Japan’s primary mobile area air-defence system for the Ground Self-Defense Force. Key specifications include: Type: Mobile, truck-mounted surface-to-air missile system Range: Approximately 50 km or more (some sources suggest up to around 60–100 km for improved variants) Engagement altitude: Up to about 10 km Speed: Around Mach 2.5 Missile dimensions: About 4.9 metres in length and 320 mm in diameter, with a mass around 570 kg Warhead: Approx. 73 kg high-explosive fragmentation warhead with proximity fuze Guidance: Inertial guidance with mid-course command updates, plus an active radar homing seeker in the terminal phase Sensors & fire control: The system uses a sophisticated active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, capable of tracking up to roughly 100 targets and engaging about 12 simultaneously, including fighter jets, helicopters and cruise missiles The newer Chū-SAM Kai (improved Type 03) further enhances range, networking and the ability to counter advanced cruise missiles and some short-range ballistic or hypersonic threats, and is being progressively fielded across Japan. Deployed on Yonaguni, such a system would form a dense air-defence umbrella over key sea lanes between Taiwan and the Ryukyu islands, complicating any hostile attempt to use aircraft or cruise missiles in a Taiwan contingency. Yonaguni’s Strategic Position Near Taiwan Yonaguni Island sits on the western edge of the Nansei (Ryukyu) island chain, facing both the East China Sea and the Pacific. It is closer to Taiwan than to Okinawa’s main island, and lies near routes used by Chinese warships and aircraft transiting toward the western Pacific. The deployment on Yonaguni will tie into a lattice of new bases across the chain: Surface-to-air missile units have already been established or planned on Amami Oshima, Miyako and Ishigaki islands. Anti-ship missile batteries, including truck-mounted Type 12 surface-to-ship missiles, are positioned to cover key straits like Miyako, through which Chinese naval task forces routinely pass. U.S. forces have also conducted logistics drills to Yonaguni and are building their own “missile Marine” posture in nearby islands, further integrating the island into allied planning for a Taiwan emergency. Together, these steps are designed to create an anti-access / area-denial (A2/AD) barrier stretching from Kyushu down toward Taiwan, constraining Chinese air and naval manoeuvre in any crisis. Part of Japan’s Wider Missile and Defence Buildup The Yonaguni deployment is one element of a broader Japanese rearmament that began in earnest with Tokyo’s 2022 national security and defence strategies, which explicitly describe China as Japan’s “greatest strategic challenge.” Tokyo plans to lift defence spending to about 2% of GDP by 2027, roughly doubling the traditional 1% ceiling. Central to this shift is a focus on long-range strike and coastal defence missiles: The upgraded Type 12 surface-to-ship missile is being modified from a roughly 200 km weapon to a 900–1,200 km range standoff missile, with improved stealth shaping and in-flight retargeting via satellite links. Japan is developing Hyper Velocity Gliding Projectiles (HVGPs) – hypersonic glider weapons intended to hold Chinese ships and bases at risk at long distances. Tokyo has agreed to purchase U.S. Tomahawk cruise missiles and accelerate domestic missile deployments, including the upgraded Type 12 at bases in Kyushu, ahead of schedule. In this context, the Yonaguni SAM unit is a defensive yet highly visible symbol: it protects Japanese territory and forces, but also signals that Japan is willing to share more of the front-line burden in any Taiwan-related crisis. China’s Criticism and Taiwan’s Quiet Support Beijing has sharply criticized Tokyo’s stance on Taiwan and its expanding missile network. Chinese officials and state media have labelled Japan’s moves “destabilizing” and accused Tokyo of “interfering” in China’s internal affairs. After Japanese leaders suggested that an attack on Taiwan could threaten Japan’s own survival and justify intervention, the Chinese Consul General in Osaka posted a now-deleted threat on social media about “cutting off the head that sticks its nose into everything,” prompting a diplomatic stir. Chinese ministries later urged their citizens to reconsider travel and study plans in Japan. Taiwan, by contrast, has generally welcomed Japan’s tougher posture, seeing the Ryukyu missile belt – including Yonaguni – as a crucial backstop against a People’s Liberation Army (PLA) attempt to encircle or blockade the island. Taiwanese officials and analysts have framed Japan’s actions as part of a broader network of democracies – including the United States and Australia – seeking to complicate any Chinese military move against Taiwan. Local Tensions on a Militarizing Island On Yonaguni, reactions are mixed. The island has traditionally relied on tourism, fishing and small-scale agriculture, and many residents worry that intensified militarization could turn their home into a frontline battlefield in a great-power conflict. Reports describe how radar stations, military housing and expanded port facilities have transformed parts of the island’s landscape, even as some locals welcome the economic benefits of base construction and troop presence. Safety concerns were heightened after past incidents, such as aircraft accidents during exercises in the broader Okinawa region, which reminded residents of the risks of living next to high-tempo military operations. Memories of World War II’s Battle of Okinawa also feed fears that, in a future conflict, remote islands like Yonaguni could again bear the brunt of fighting. A Clear Signal to Beijing – and Washington For Tokyo, placing medium-range SAMs on Yonaguni Island sends multiple signals: To China, that Japanese airspace and sea approaches near Taiwan will be defended by modern, networked missile systems. To Taiwan, that Japan is serious about its oft-stated resolve to treat a Taiwan emergency as a direct security concern. To the United States, that Japan is investing heavily in its own frontline deterrent, complementing U.S. forces and easing allied planning for any Taiwan scenario. As missile launchers roll onto Yonaguni’s windswept hills, the island’s dual identity – serene tourist destination and potential flashpoint in an East Asian war – has never been more stark. The deployment of Type 03 medium-range missiles there underlines how the Taiwan question is remaking Japan’s defence posture and reshaping the strategic map of the western Pacific.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-23 16:41:32
World
A serious blow has emerged for the Pakistan Air Force (PAF), as it has been compelled to divert several of its JF-17 Thunder Block III and twin-seat JF-17B jets from its own frontline squadrons to the Azerbaijan Air Force. The move, sources say, stems from slow production at the Pakistan Aeronautical Complex (PAC), engine performance issues with the Chinese-designed WS-13B, and tightening RD-93 engine supplies from Russia. According to intelligence reports monitored by Jane’s, each Block III aircraft transferred to Azerbaijan came directly out of existing PAF squadrons—rather than being newly produced export variants. One aircraft has been identified as serial number 24-322. With these transfers, the PAF is reportedly left with barely 20 operational JF-17 Block III jets in service. Production & Engine Troubles The JF-17 programme—jointly developed by PAC and China’s Chengdu Aircraft Corporation (CAC)—has long been promoted as Pakistan’s affordable, lightweight fourth-generation fighter. However, the late rollout of the Block III version has been marred. First, PAC has failed to meet its anticipated production output. Although earlier statements projected 20 or more airframes annually, PAC’s actual output remains constrained. Meanwhile, the WS-13B engine has under-performed in thrust and reliability, forcing continued reliance on the Russian RD-93. Secondly, Russia is reportedly restricting exports of RD-93 engines, worsening Pakistan’s delivery bottlenecks. The combined effect: Pakistan finds itself unable to sustain domestic force strength and fulfill export commitments at the same time. Azerbaijan Deal and Its Implications In September 2024 Pakistan announced a contract for the sale of JF-17 Block III fighters to Azerbaijan. In November 2025 Azerbaijan publicly displayed five JF-17 Block III jets—four single-seat and one twin-seat—at its Victory Day parade in Baku. At least some of those jets were confirmed to have borne Pakistani serial numbers prior to marking removal. Crucially, analysts say these aircraft did not come from fresh production lines, but directly from PAF inventory—thus diluting Pakistan’s frontline strength. Jane’s intelligence notes the diversion “straight from existing PAF squadrons.” Strategic and Operational Impact For Pakistan, the ramifications are two-fold. Operationally, a fleet of barely 20 Block III jets means thin margins for maintenance downtime, pilot training, and potential combat deployment. With engine issues and delayed production, PAF’s ability to project airpower—particularly along the eastern frontier with India—stands weakened. Strategically, Pakistan’s export drive and defence diplomacy take a hit. Diverting frontline jets to Azerbaijan may boost Islamabad’s regional defence ties, but at the expense of its own national defence readiness. Pakistan appears to be fooling Azerbaijan by offering jets that, while labelled as new export-specification aircraft, were actually taken straight from its own air force. Such shuffling raises questions about transparency, quality control, and Pakistan’s credibility as an arms exporter. Moreover, Pakistan’s decision to prioritise export over national stock underscores procurement failures and weak supply-chain management. With slow PAC production, unreliable engines, and dependence on Russia, the PAF now appears operationally compromised as regional tensions remain high. What Happens Now? Unless Pakistan addresses the root issues rapidly, the PAF may face operational shortfalls in coming months. Potential remedial steps include accelerating production, resolving WS-13B engine problems, or sourcing alternatives. For Azerbaijan, the acquisition is symbolically valuable, but whether the aircraft delivered are fully flight-ready or simply transferred second-hand remains a matter of scrutiny. The diversion of JF-17 Block III fighters from the PAF to Azerbaijan represents a major setback for Pakistan’s flagship fighter programme. It highlights production bottlenecks, engine reliability issues, and strategic mis-prioritisation. By selling from its own squadrons, Pakistan risks weakening its own defence posture while undermining its credibility as an exporter.
Read More → Posted on 2025-11-23 15:45:29Search
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