U.S. Military Presence in Bangladesh's Chittagong Raises Regional Concerns
CHITTAGONG, BANGLADESH — September 16, 2025 — The recent arrival of a U.S. Air Force C-130J Super Hercules transport aircraft at Shah Amanat International Airport in Chittagong has intensified regional scrutiny. This development coincides with the commencement of Pacific Angel 25-3, a four-day joint exercise involving the U.S. Air Force, Bangladesh Air Force, and Sri Lanka Air Force. The exercise, which began on September 13, aims to enhance disaster response capabilities and strengthen military partnerships.
Strategic Location and Growing Military Engagement
Chittagong's proximity to the borders of India and Myanmar positions it as a strategically significant location in South Asia. The U.S. military’s increased presence in this region, including the landing of the C-130J Super Hercules, underscores a deepening defense cooperation between the United States and Bangladesh. This partnership has manifested in several joint military exercises, such as Operation Pacific Angel-25 and Tiger Lightning-2025, conducted earlier this year.
The C-130J Super Hercules, which landed in Chittagong, is typically stationed at Yokota Air Base in Japan, home to the 5th Air Force of the Pacific Air Forces (PACAF). The 5th Air Force oversees air operations across the Indo-Pacific region and focuses on maintaining air mobility, disaster response, and strategic deterrence. It plays a crucial role in ensuring rapid deployment and logistical support in critical areas such as South and Southeast Asia, reinforcing U.S. presence and partnerships in the region.
Approximately 120 U.S. Army and Air Force personnel were reported to have checked into a hotel in Chittagong in early September, indicating preparations for upcoming joint exercises.
Regional Reactions and Strategic Implications
The intensification of U.S. military activities in Bangladesh has elicited concerns from neighboring countries, particularly India and Myanmar. Analysts suggest that the increased presence may be part of a broader strategy to counterbalance China’s influence in the region. The U.S. has been engaging with various stakeholders, including Myanmar rebel factions, to bolster its strategic position in the area.
Additionally, there have been allegations regarding external involvement in the political upheaval that led to the ouster of former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in August 2024. While these claims remain unsubstantiated, they add a layer of complexity to the evolving geopolitical dynamics in South Asia.
The recent U.S. military activities in Chittagong, including the deployment of the C-130J Super Hercules and participation in joint exercises, highlight a significant shift in regional defense alignments. With the 5th Air Force at Yokota Air Base playing a pivotal role in U.S. Indo-Pacific strategy—focusing on air mobility, disaster relief, and regional stability—the implications of its operations in Bangladesh extend beyond bilateral cooperation. As Bangladesh continues to strengthen its defense partnerships, the repercussions for South Asian security and regional power balances warrant close observation.
