Singapore Expands Naval and Aerial Capabilities with New Submarines and Maritime Patrol Aircraft

Singapore is making significant strides in strengthening its naval and aerial defense capabilities with plans to procure two additional Invincible-class submarines, replacing aging maritime patrol aircraft, and advancing its Multi-Role Combat Vessel (MRCV) program.

Expansion of the Submarine Fleet

The Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) is set to enhance its underwater warfare capabilities by acquiring two more Invincible-class submarines, also known as the Type 218SG. This addition will bring the total fleet to six, ensuring better operational flexibility and readiness. The first two submarines, Invincible and Impeccable, have already proven their reliability in Singapore's tropical waters since their commissioning in September 2024.

Defense Minister Dr. Ng Eng Hen emphasized that four submarines were insufficient for a robust fleet, as submarines undergo rigorous maintenance cycles. Increasing the fleet to six will provide a steady operational state for the RSN and improve its ability to sustain long-term deployments.

Modernizing Aerial Surveillance

The Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) is also taking steps to replace its aging Fokker 50 maritime patrol aircraft, which have been in service for 32 years. The RSAF is currently evaluating two potential replacements: the Boeing P-8 Poseidon and the Airbus C-295. Both aircraft are known for their advanced surveillance and reconnaissance capabilities, crucial for Singapore’s maritime security.

Advancing the Multi-Role Combat Vessel Program

Another key development is the ongoing construction of the Multi-Role Combat Vessels (MRCVs), which will replace the Victory-class corvettes. The first MRCV is scheduled to be launched this year, with a total of six vessels on order. These ships will have three times the range of the Victory-class and will serve as motherships for unmanned systems, highlighting Singapore’s focus on modern naval warfare strategies.

The keel for the first MRCV was laid in October 2024 at ST Engineering’s shipyard, marking a significant milestone in the program. The vessels are designed for enhanced operational versatility, integrating autonomous systems for surveillance, reconnaissance, and combat roles.

Defense Budget Growth and Strategic Planning

To support these military advancements, Singapore's defense budget for 2025 is projected at S$23.4 billion (approximately US$17.3 billion), reflecting a 12.4% increase from the previous year. This rise is primarily due to delayed projects from the COVID-19 pandemic, with Dr. Ng noting that 2025 would likely be the final “catch-up” year. However, he stressed the importance of remaining adaptable to global uncertainties, indicating that further investments may be necessary if security challenges intensify.

With these strategic acquisitions, Singapore is reinforcing its position as a formidable maritime power, ensuring the security of its waters and strengthening its deterrence capabilities for the future.