Japan's Strategic Deployment of Long-Range Missiles in Southwestern Islands

Japan is advancing its defense capabilities by planning to deploy an upgraded version of the Type 12 coastal defense missile system on its southwestern islands, particularly in Kyushu. This initiative aims to enhance security in the Ryukyu Archipelago, a region of strategic importance due to its proximity to Taiwan.

Extended Missile Range

The upgraded Type 12 surface-to-ship missiles boast an extended range of approximately 1,000 kilometers, enabling them to reach coastal areas of China and North Korea. This significant enhancement allows Japan to target adversary positions in the event of an emergency, aligning with its goal to acquire a "counterstrike capability."

Planned Deployment Sites

The deployment is expected to commence by the end of the next fiscal year, concluding in March 2026. The Japan Ground Self-Defense Force missile units stationed in Yufu, Oita Prefecture, and Kumamoto City are among the planned deployment sites. Notably, Okinawa Prefecture, despite its geographical closeness to mainland China, is unlikely to be selected as a deployment location to avoid escalating tensions with Beijing.

Broader Defense Initiatives

This move is part of Japan's broader national security policy shift, reflecting efforts to bolster its defense posture in the region. In December 2024, the Japanese Cabinet approved a record defense budget of 8.7 trillion yen ($55 billion) for 2025, marking the third year of a five-year military buildup strategy aimed at countering threats from neighboring countries. The budget includes allocations for long-range cruise missiles and other arsenals to enhance Japan's strike-back capabilities.

By deploying these advanced missile systems, Japan aims to strengthen its deterrence and defense mechanisms, ensuring the security of its southwestern islands amidst evolving regional dynamics.