India's Defence Min Signs Rs 2,867 Crore Defence Contracts for AIP and EHWT Integration
In a major boost to India's maritime defence capabilities, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed contracts worth ₹2,867 crore with Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) and Naval Group, France. These agreements, signed in New Delhi in the presence of Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh, are focused on upgrading the Indian Navy’s Kalvari-Class submarines with cutting-edge technologies such as Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) systems and Electronic Heavy Weight Torpedoes (EHWT).
AIP Plug: Enhanced Endurance for Submarines
The first contract, valued at ₹1,990 crore, was awarded to MDL for constructing and integrating an AIP plug into submarines. This plug will house the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)-developed AIP system, which allows conventional submarines to operate underwater for extended periods without surfacing. The AIP system works by generating power through the electrochemical reaction of stored hydrogen and oxygen, eliminating the need for atmospheric oxygen.
This technology significantly enhances the stealth and operational endurance of submarines, making them harder to detect during missions. The construction of the AIP plug and its integration is expected to generate nearly three lakh man-days of employment, contributing to the domestic defence industry. The initiative is a significant step under the 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat' (Self-Reliant India) campaign, which seeks to reduce dependency on foreign defence imports by fostering indigenous development.
EHWT: Boosting Kalvari-Class Firepower
The second contract, worth ₹877 crore, was signed with Naval Group, France, for equipping Kalvari-Class submarines with advanced Electronic Heavy Weight Torpedoes. These torpedoes, also being developed by DRDO, promise a significant leap in the firepower and tactical versatility of the Indian Navy’s submarine fleet.
The integration of the EHWT will involve collaboration among DRDO, the Indian Navy, and Naval Group. This process will ensure seamless compatibility and enhanced operational readiness for the Kalvari-Class submarines. These state-of-the-art torpedoes, equipped with precision targeting and superior tracking capabilities, are expected to transform the submarines into formidable platforms for offensive and defensive operations.
Strategic and Economic Implications
The contracts not only enhance the combat capabilities of India’s submarines but also underline the country’s push for self-reliance in defence technology. By involving domestic entities like MDL and DRDO, the projects are poised to boost the local defence ecosystem. The inclusion of foreign expertise through Naval Group ensures the integration of globally competitive technology while fostering international collaboration.
The Kalvari-Class submarines, derived from the French-designed Scorpène platform, already play a pivotal role in India's naval strategy. These diesel-electric attack submarines are equipped with advanced navigation, stealth, and combat systems. The addition of AIP and EHWT systems will amplify their operational effectiveness, making them better suited for a variety of roles, including anti-ship, anti-submarine, and intelligence-gathering missions.
As India faces increasing challenges in safeguarding its maritime borders and assets, the adoption of these advanced technologies marks a significant step in strengthening its naval deterrence. By investing in indigenous production and leveraging international expertise, India is not only modernizing its naval fleet but also paving the way for a robust defence industrial base.
