Indian Railways Surpasses USA and Russia to Become World’s 2nd Largest Rail Freight Carrier in FY 2024–25

In a remarkable milestone for India’s transport sector, Indian Railways has emerged as the world’s second-largest rail freight carrier, surpassing both the United States and Russia in the fiscal year 2024–25. This achievement reflects the strategic emphasis India has placed on rail infrastructure, operational efficiency, and freight capacity, further strengthening its role in global logistics.

Rail Freight Volumes

During FY 2024–25, the freight transported by major rail networks around the world was as follows:

• China: ~4.0 billion metric tons (BMT)

• India: ~1.6 BMT

• USA: ~1.5 BMT

• Russia: ~1.1 BMT

Despite trailing China, India’s volume has overtaken the U.S. and Russia, highlighting significant growth in domestic and industrial freight movement.

Railway Network Length

The total route-kilometers of these countries’ railway networks further illustrate the scale of operations:

• USA: ~293,564 km

• China: ~162,000 km

• Russia: ~85,494 km

• India: ~65,554 km

Even with a smaller network compared to the U.S. and China, India’s railways have achieved high efficiency and optimal utilization of available tracks, contributing to its rise in global rankings.

Factors Behind India’s Freight Growth

Several developments have contributed to this success:

1. Record Freight Loading: Indian Railways recorded an all-time high of 1.6 billion metric tons in FY 2024–25. Increased production of freight wagons has expanded capacity to carry a wider variety of cargo efficiently.

2. Dedicated Freight Corridors (DFCs): The operationalization of DFCs has boosted train movement efficiency, reducing transit times and increasing freight handling capacity.

3. Infrastructure Expansion: Recent government approvals for major multitracking projects have added hundreds of kilometers of track, further enhancing the network and enabling smoother freight operations.

4. Digital Transformation and Cybersecurity: Modernization of IT systems, including improved cybersecurity measures, has enhanced operational reliability, shipment tracking, and network management, ensuring safer and more efficient freight operations.

Global Context and Future Outlook

India’s ascent to the second position in global rail freight is not just a domestic achievement but also a signal of its growing importance in international trade. With continuous investments in infrastructure, technology, and operational efficiency, Indian Railways is poised to maintain its growth trajectory, potentially closing the gap with China in the years to come.

The accomplishment also highlights the strategic advantage of rail transport in handling bulk cargo efficiently, reducing logistics costs, and supporting India’s expanding industrial and commercial sectors.

In conclusion, Indian Railways’ rise to the second spot globally underscores its transformation into a world-class freight carrier, reflecting a combination of visionary planning, technological upgrades, and infrastructure development that is redefining rail transport in India.