DRDO Upgrades Astra Missile with GaN-Based AESA Seekers

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is advancing the Astra missile family including Astra Mk-1, Mk-2, and Mk-3 with GaN-based seekers to provide the Indian Air Force with improved aerial capabilities. A key development in this program is the integration of Gallium Nitride (GaN)-based Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) seekers, replacing the current Gallium Arsenide (GaAs)-based seekers. While the existing GaAs systems offer precise tracking and guidance, GaN technology provides enhanced range, faster target acquisition, and better resistance to electronic countermeasures.

The Astra Mk-3, the latest variant of this family, is a next-generation beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile (BVRAAM) designed to engage targets at extended distances with high accuracy. The current GaAs-based AESA seeker allows precise target tracking and communication with fighter aircraft via a two-way data link. This capability has been validated in trials, including launches from the Su-30MKI platform. Modern air combat requires the ability to detect and engage low-observable aircraft, which is where GaN technology improves performance.

GaN-based seekers offer several technical advantages over GaAs systems. They operate at higher power levels, allowing the missile to detect targets at longer distances. GaN’s improved thermal efficiency supports continuous operation without overheating. The technology is more robust and durable, reducing maintenance requirements and improving operational readiness. GaN seekers also provide better sensitivity and resistance to electronic interference, increasing the missile’s capability against low-observable or stealth aircraft.

This upgrade aligns with India’s goal of developing indigenous defense technologies. By incorporating GaN technology, DRDO ensures the Astra family maintains effective operation against both current and future aerial threats, including advanced fighter aircraft with reduced radar visibility. The combination of advanced guidance, propulsion, and now GaN seekers enhances the missile’s performance and operational capability.

As the Astra Mk-3 progresses through development and testing, the integration of GaN-based AESA seekers improves its technical performance and supports India’s air defense requirements. The missile is expected to provide reliable target engagement in a range of operational conditions while supporting the objectives of indigenous defense technology development.