Agnikul Sets New Benchmark with India’s First Electric Motor-Driven Semi-Cryogenic Rocket Engine

In a major leap forward for India's private space industry, Chennai-based start-up Agnikul Cosmos has successfully test-fired the country’s first electric motor-driven semi-cryogenic rocket engine. This marks a breakthrough not only for the company but also for India’s expanding role in cutting-edge space technology.

Unlike traditional rocket engines that use complex and bulky turbopumps powered by gas generators, Agnikul’s new engine uses an electric motor to drive the fuel pumps. This shift brings a new level of precision and control. Engineers can now finely adjust the engine’s thrust simply by changing the speed of the motor, allowing for more accurate flight paths and quicker in-flight responses.

The engine runs on a semi-cryogenic cycle, using liquid oxygen as the oxidizer and refined kerosene as fuel. The combination is not new in rocket science, but what sets this engine apart is how it manages the flow of these propellants. The use of an electric motor improves efficiency and makes it easier to upgrade with newer control systems in the future.

During testing, the engine successfully demonstrated its ability to throttle across a wide range of thrust levels. This flexibility is vital for modern space missions, where different payloads and orbital requirements demand highly adaptable propulsion systems.

Staying true to its innovative roots, Agnikul has maintained its unique single-piece engine design. Many critical components, including parts of the fuel pump, were created using advanced 3D printing technology at Rocket Factory-1—Agnikul’s state-of-the-art facility inside the IIT-Madras Research Park. Impressively, the electric motor drives and control software were all designed in-house, showcasing the company's deep commitment to self-reliant innovation.

The successful test of this engine is just one step in Agnikul’s bigger plan. The next goal is to test multiple engines working together, which will form the core of their Agnibaan rocket. Agnibaan is a small satellite launch vehicle designed to carry payloads between 30 kg and 300 kg—making it ideal for commercial space operators looking for flexible and cost-effective launch solutions.

With this milestone, Agnikul Cosmos has positioned itself as a frontrunner in next-generation propulsion systems. More importantly, it reflects the rising capabilities of India’s private space sector, which is beginning to play a significant role in the global aerospace industry.

This success story is not just about a new engine—it’s about changing how rockets are built and operated, making space more accessible, efficient, and precise for a new generation of missions.