France’s 3rd Barracuda Type Submarine 'The Tourville (S637)' Begins Alpha Trials

The Tourville (S637), the third Suffren-class nuclear attack submarine (SSN) in the Barracuda program, has embarked on its maiden sea trials, known as “Alpha Trials.” This significant milestone took place off the coast of Cherbourg in Normandy on July 12, 2024. The trials mark a critical phase in the submarine's journey towards operational readiness.

The Suffren-class SSNs, developed by the French defense contractor Naval Group, represent the cutting-edge of submarine technology. These submarines are designed to enhance the French Navy's capabilities in underwater warfare, offering advanced stealth, endurance, and firepower. The Tourville's sea trials follow the successful commissioning of its nuclear reactor in April 2024 and extensive dock tests conducted since its transfer to launching gear in July 2023.

The Alpha Trials involve a series of rigorous tests to evaluate the submarine's performance in various conditions. These include submerged maneuvers, speed trials, and the testing of onboard systems and equipment. The successful completion of these trials will pave the way for the Tourville’s formal induction into the French Navy.

The Barracuda program is a cornerstone of France’s naval modernization efforts, with a total of six Suffren-class submarines planned. The first in the series, the Suffren, was delivered in November 2020 and achieved active duty status in June 2022. The second submarine, the Duguay-Trouin, was delivered in August 2023 and commissioned in April 2024. The remaining submarines—de Grasse, Rubis, and Casabianca—are at various stages of construction, with deliveries scheduled at intervals until 2029.

Each Suffren-class submarine is a marvel of modern engineering. They boast a surface displacement of 4,700 tons, a diving displacement of 5,100 tons, and a length of 99 meters. These submarines can reach depths exceeding 350 meters and achieve speeds over 25 knots. They are equipped with an array of advanced weaponry, including naval cruise missiles, F21 heavyweight wire-guided torpedoes, Exocet SM39 anti-ship missiles, and FG-29 mines.

One of the standout features of the Suffren-class is its hybrid propulsion system, which includes a pressurized water reactor derived from the reactors used on the Triomphant-class SSBNs and the Charles de Gaulle aircraft carrier. This advanced propulsion system, coupled with sophisticated sonar and combat systems, ensures that these submarines can operate undetected in hostile environments for extended periods.

In addition to their combat capabilities, the Suffren-class submarines are equipped with state-of-the-art sensors for superior intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) operations. They feature non-penetrating optronic masts that provide high-quality (4K) imagery accessible to all sailors in the combat information center. These submarines are also designed to support special operations, with a Dry Deck Shelter that facilitates the deployment of the PSM3G swimmer delivery vehicle and a dozen combat swimmers.

The Barracuda program is set to revolutionize France's submarine forces, committing them to excellence in naval warfare well into the mid-21st century. Once the Tourville is commissioned, the French Navy will operate more Suffren-type submarines than the older Rubis-class, underscoring a significant shift towards more advanced and capable underwater assets.

As the Tourville navigates through its Alpha Trials, it signifies not just a test of technology but a testament to the skill and dedication of those involved in bringing this submarine to life. The successful integration of such a sophisticated vessel into the French Navy will undoubtedly enhance France’s strategic capabilities and reinforce its position as a formidable naval power.